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His pulse was so weak that the doctor gave him up for dead.（他的脉搏那般微弱，医生觉得已经没有救了。）
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I know for certain.（我确实知道。）
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I took it for granted that you would consent.（我姑认为你是会同意的。）
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英文疑难详解 131．表示附带状况的 with
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“睁眼睡觉法”翻译为英文的 the art of sleeping with open eyes，为什么一定要改正为 with one’s eyes open?请就这种用介词的 with 来表示附带状况的说法，举例解释一下。
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【解答】介词 with 可以表示一种状况，用来结合主句（ Principal Statement）和随伴着的情形（ Attendant Circumstance）。如我们把 How were they running?（他们怎样跑的？）一问，和其答案 They had their ears erect.（他们竖起耳朵。）结合为一，则成为：
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They were running with their ears erect.（他们是竖起耳朵跑的。）
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这种表附带状况的 with，有时候可附带一个由“名词＋补语”构成的复合宾语（ Complex Object），其中补语的内容可以是（a）形容词，（b）副词，（c）分词，或（d）片语。现即依照这四类来分别举例说明：
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用（a）形容词为补语的：
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She was lying in bed with the window open.（她打开窗子躺在床上。）
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Don’t talk with your mouth full.（不要在吃东西吃得满口时说话。）
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用（b）副词为补语的：
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She followed her guide with her head down.（她低着头跟着她的向导走。）
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What a lonely world it will be with you away.（你要走了，这个世界会变得多么寂寞呀。）
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用（c）分词为补语的：
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She looked in my face with tears streaming down her face.（她凝视着我，热泪横流。）
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He was listening to the music with his eyes （half） closed.（他〔半〕闭着眼睛在听音乐。）
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用（d）片语为补语的：
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He was standing with a pipe in his mouth.（他口里衔着烟斗，站在那里。）
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The dog slunk away with his tail between his legs.（狗夹着尾巴偷偷地走开了。）
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这种句法有时候可以将 with 略去，便成为独立分词的构造了。如：
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With night coming on， we started for home.（夜幕下降，我们就动身回家了。）一句改说成为 Night coming on，we started for home.的独立分词句，意思还是一样。又如（d）型第一例句，也可简化为下列两种形式：
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He was standing，a pipe in his mouth.
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