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(b)Which way do you imagine he went?(你料想他是走哪条路去的呢?)
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What time will he start?(他将在何时动身?)
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(a)Does the letter tell what time he will start?(信上说到他在何时动身吗?)
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(b)What time does the letter say he will start?(信上说他何时动身?)
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在上举(b)例的造句中,常用的动词除 think 外,还有 imagine, suppose, believe, say 等等。
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英文疑难详解 155.Who do you think is the best player?
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我们如将 do you think 的字样,插入疑问句的 What did he say 时,便成为 What do you think he said?因为用了 What do you think?的疑问句法,原来的 What did he say?的疑问句法,为避免重复计,就改成平叙句法的 he said 了。这是一般的语法,为什么下文要在一句中用双重的疑问句法呢?
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Who do you think is the best player?
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为什么不说 the best player is?
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【解答】照原则上说,是应该把 is 放在 the best player 的后面才对,不过常因声调、文义、轻重等关系,而有变化,即不依照普通的字序,要颠倒来说的时候,也习见不鲜。
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在前一则中我们已说明了在 Who is he?一问中插入 do you think,而成为 Who do you think he is?的道理,那是因为重点移到 do you think 的上面去,he 和 is 在分量上就轻了,所以变成普通平叙句的字序了。
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但有时为着主语太长,或是为着要加强主语起见,便把它移到句尾去,例如质问中的:
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Who do you think is the best player?(你觉得打得最好的是谁?)以及:
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What do you think is the population of Hong Kong?(你以为香港有多少人口?)
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如果我们依照普通说法,把 is 放在 the best player 和 the population of Hong Kong 的后面时,那既不能加强 player 和 population 的说法,而且句子的声调也就差多了。
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由于同样的理由,在间接说法中也仍然要保留直接说法的字序,如:
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She said to me,“ What is the matter with him?”一句改成直接说法时,照规则是要把问句改成平叙句,即 What the matter with him is.但因主语太长,就不得不保留原来的形式,而说成:
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She asked me what was the matter with him.(她问我他有何困难。)
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感叹句也并不老是照平叙句一样先说主语后说动词的,有时因种种关系也可以改变字序,照问句一样把动词放在主语前去,例如:
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What a poor fool was I!(我做了一件多么愚笨的事呀!)
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How persuasive are his words!—— Sheridan(他的话多么动听呀!)
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How often have I played under these trees as a boy!—— Irving(我在儿童时代老是在这些树下玩耍的!)
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What a piece of work is man!—— Shakespears(人是多么巧妙的作品呀!)
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