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4）跟介词引起的短语：
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Our discussions proved of great value to us．我们的讨论证明对我们很有好处。
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This book will prove (to be) of some use to you in your studies．这本书将来会表明对你的学习有一定的好处。
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prove的过去分词一般为proved：
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Facts have proved these worries groundless．事实证明这些忧虑是没有根据的。
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In the past this process of transition has often proved difficult．过去这种过渡过程常证明是困难的。
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但在个别情况下（特别是在被动结构中及用作定语时）可以拼作proven：
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The law provides that a person is innocent until proven guilty．法律规定一个人在被证实有罪以前是无罪的。
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a man of proven ability 一个已证明有能力的人
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731 provide—provided—providing
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provide主要有两个用法：
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表示“提供”：
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The Red Cross provides food and shelter for disaster victims．红十字会为灾民提供食品和住处。
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On Sundays his landlord provided dinner as well as breakfast．星期天他的房东提供一顿早饭和晚饭。
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They provide him with money and clothes．他们给他提供钱和衣服。
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规定：
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The author’s contract provided that he was to receive royalties．这位作者的合约规定他将可领取版税。
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The law provides that valuable ancient buildings must be preserved by the government．法律规定珍贵古建筑应由政府保护。
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The Bill provides for the eventual self-government of the territory．法案规定这块领地最后实行自治。
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provided可用作连词（有时和that连用），表示“如果……”、“只要……”：
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They may swim provided an adult accompanies them．只要有大人伴随，他们可以游泳。
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She may come with us provided (that) she arrives in time．如果她及时到达，她可能会和我们一道来。
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Provided (that) there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here．如果没人反对，我们将在这里开会。
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providing也有同样作用：
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