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The woolly sweater felt itchy.毛线衫穿起来有点痒。
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也可表示“像羊毛”:
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She has woolly hair.她的头发像羊毛。
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也可用作名词,表示“毛衣”:
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Mother knit (knitted) that woolly last year.这件毛衣是妈妈去年织的。
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wearing winter woollies 穿着冬天的毛衣
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930 Words with Alternative Spellings
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有些词有两种拼法,现把常用的这类词列出如下:
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acknowledgement—acknowledgment (承认) adviser—advisor (顾问) ambiance—ambience (环境,气氛) annex—annexe (附加部分) artifact—artefact (人工制品) bylaw—byelaw (地方法规) carcass—carcase (尸体,残骸) caster—castor (小脚轮,调味品架) caviar—caviare (鱼子酱) chaperone—chaperon (未婚少女的年长陪伴人) chilli—chili (甜椒,辣椒) cipher—cypher (密码,暗号) conjurer—conjuror (魔术师) connection—connexion (联系,连接) curtsy—curtsey (女子屈膝礼) dexterous—dextrous (灵巧的,熟练的) dispatch—despatch (发送,派遣) douse—dowse (浸泡,浇洒) dyke—dike (堤坝) gram—gramme (克) grandad—granddad (爷爷) granny—grannie (奶奶) guerrilla—guerilla (游击队) gypsy—gipsy (吉普赛人) hiccup—hiccough (打嗝儿) hippie—hippy (嬉皮士) hooray—hurrah—hurray (欢呼声) icon—ikon (雕像,圣像,偶像) impostor—imposter (冒名顶替者,江湖骗子) inflection—inflexion (抑扬的声调) jibe—gibe (嘲讽,嘲笑) judgement—judgment (判断) kilogram—kilogramme (公斤) likeable—likable (讨人喜欢的) liquorice—licorice (洋甘草) mackintosh—macintosh (雨衣) mantelpiece—chimneypiece (壁炉台) milligram—milligramme (毫克) movable—moveable (可移动的,活动的) Muslim—Moslem (穆斯林) nosy—nosey (爱打听的,好管闲事的) OK—okay (好,没事) phoney—phony (假的,伪造的) sheikh—sheik (阿拉伯酋长) siphon—syphon (虹吸管) swap—swop (交换) veranda—verandah (阳台,门廊) 还有少数词有两种拼法,如:
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球拍 racket或racquet
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监狱 jail或gaol (但美式英语中只用jail一种拼法)
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四轮运货马车 wagon或waggon(但美式英语中只用wagon一种拼法)
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个别词有三种不同拼法:
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hello—hallo—hullo (招呼语)
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yoghurt—yoghourt—yogurt (酸奶)
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另有很多动词,可以-ize或-ise结尾,如:
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realize—realise civilize—civilise
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但在美式英语中用-ize时较多。同样地由这类词构成的名词也有两种拼法,如:
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organization—organisation mechanization—mechanisation
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关于英式拼法和美式拼法的不同处,可参阅美式英语一节。
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931 Words with the Same Pronunciation
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英语中有许多词音同而拼法不同,现择要列出如下:
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altar—alter /ˈɔːltə/ bass—base /beis/ bear—bare /bɛə/ erry—bury /ˈberi/ blew—blue /bluː/ boar—bore /bɔː/ born—borne /bɔːn/ bough—bow /bau/ bread—bred /bred/ break—brake /breik/ bridal—bridle /ˈbraidl/ caught—court /kɔːt/ cell—sell /sel/ cereal—serial /ˈsiəriəl/ chord—cord /kɔːd/ complement—compliment /ˈkɔmplimənt/ coarse—course /kɔːs/ core—corps /kɔː/ council—counsel /ˈkaunsl/ creak—creek /kriːk/ cue—queue /kjuː/ curb—kerb /kəːb/ currant—current /ˈkʌrənt/ cymbal—symbol /ˈsimbl/ dear—deer /diə/ dew—due /djuː/ die—dye /dai/ draught—draft /drɑːft/ earn—urn /əːn/ fare—fair /fɛə/ feat—feet /fiːt/ fir—fur /fəː/ flaw—floor /flɔː/ flea—flee /fliː/ flour—flower /ˈflauə/ fort—fought /fɔːt/ foul—fowl /faul/ gorilla—guerrilla /ɡəˈrilə/ grate—great /ɡreit/ hair—hare /hɛə/ hangar—hanger /ˈhæŋə(r)/ heal—heel /hiːl/ heard—herd /həːd/ here—hear /hiə/ heroin—heroine /ˈherəuin/ hoarse—horse /hɔːs/ hole—whole /həul/ key—quay /kiː/ knead—need /niːd/ knew—new /njuː/ knight—night /nait/ knot—not /nɔt/ know—no /nəu/ lain—lane /lein/ leak—leek /liːk/ lessen—lesson /ˈlesn/ loan—lone /ləun/ made—maid /meid/ mail—male /meil/ main—mane /mein/ maize—maze /meiz/ medal—meddle /ˈmedl/ minor—miner /ˈmainə/ moan—mown /məun/ morning—mourning /ˈmɔːniŋ/ naval—navel /ˈneivl/ none—nun /nʌn/ one—won /wʌn/ packed—pact /pækt/ pain—pane /pein/ peace—piece /piːs/ peal—peel /piːl/ pedal—peddle /ˈpedl/ peer—pier /piə/ place—plaice /pleis/ plain—plane /plein/ poll—pole /pəul/ pore—pour /pɔː/ pray—prey /prei/ principal—principle /ˈprinsəpl/ profit—prophet /ˈprɔfit/ raise—raze /reiz/ rap—wrap /ræp/ raw—roar /rɔː/ retch—wretch /retʃ/ ring—wring /riŋ/ road—rode /rəud/ role—roll /rəul/ root—route /ruːt/ sail—sale /seil/ sauce—source /sɔːs/ scene—seen /siːn/ sea—see /siː/ seam—seem /siːm/ shear—sheer /ʃiə/ sole—soul /səul/ some—sum /sʌm/ son—sun /sʌn/ stair—stare /stɛə/ stake—steak /steik/ stalk—stork /stɔːk/ stationary—stationery /ˈsteiʃənəri/ steel—steal /stiːl/ storey—story /ˈstɔːri/ tail—tale /teil/ tear—tier /tiə/ there—their /ðɛə/ threw—through /θruː/ throne—thrown /θrəun/ toe—tow /təu/ too—two /tuː/ vain—vein /vein/ wail—whale /weil/ waist—waste /weist/ wait—weight /weit/ war—wore /wɔː/ warn—worn /wɔːn/ way—weigh /wei/ week—weak /wiːk/ whether—weather /ˈweðə/ witch—which /witʃ/ whine—wine /wain/ 另外,read的现在式和reed同音,过去式与red同音;lead(铅)与lead的过去式led同音。还有不少三个词同音的情况,如:
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awe—oar—ore /ɔː/ buy—by—bye /bai/ cent—sent—scent /sent/ cite—site—sight /sait/ flew—flu—flue /fluː/ meat—meet—mete /miːt/ pair—pare—pear /pɛə/ peak—peek—pique /piːk/ rain—reign—rein /rein/ rite—right—write /rait/ saw—soar—sore /sɔː/ so—sew—sow /səu/ ware—wear—where /wɛə/ 以上都是从英式读音看的,若从美式读音看,则情况不一定如此。一则美国人/r/音是读出来的,fort和fought的读法自然不一样。又如wh-在美式英语中都读/hw/音,wail和whale的读法也就不一样了。
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