1705003491
1705003492
● 康德散步为什么不带伴儿呢？原来他有用鼻孔（nostrils）呼吸的习惯，这样他可以免伤风（catching cold）；假如（had he had=if he had had）有一个他非敷衍不可的人陪他一起走（替他带伞的仆人，他是可以不必敷衍的），他不得不跟他说话，因此就不得不用嘴呼吸了。
1705003493
1705003494
● “with whom courtesy would oblige him to speak”中的with，在句法结构上应放在speak之后。courtesy：礼貌。oblige：强使为之。此字与稍后的constrain略有不同：oblige大抵是道义上的约束，constrain则无论什么样无可奈何的情形，使人不得不受制者，皆可适用之。所以对于朋友，他不得不说话，则宜用oblige；说话时不得不张嘴，则宜用constrain了。
1705003495
1705003496
He invariably took the same walk, along the Linden Allee, and this, according to Heine, he strolled up and down eight times. He issued from his house at precisely the same hour so that the people of the town could set their clocks by it. When he came home he returned to his study and read and wrote letters till the light failed. Then, as was his habit, fixing his eyes on the tower of a neighbouring church, he pondered over the problems that just then occupied him…. At a quarter to ten he suspended his arduous labour and by ten was safely tucked up in bed.
1705003497
1705003498
● walk：散步的地方，供人步行的道路。invariably：不变地。Linden：菩提树。Allee：马路，林荫大道；此德文字与英文字alley同源而异义，相当于英文之avenue, boulevard。Heine即Heinrich Heine（1797—1856，中文普通译作海涅），德国诗人、作家，曾著录康德事迹。strolled：逍遥漫步，溜达。“and this… he strolled up and down”此句句法与前段（见上文）有一句“and this he would not permit himself to do”相仿，this都是以宾语而置于句首者。up and down：来回。
1705003499
1705003500
● issued：出发。precisely：精确地，恰巧。set their docks：钟上拨准时间，对时。
1705003501
1705003502
● the light failed：日色渐暮，不便工作。
1705003503
1705003504
● pondered over：思考，occupied本解作“占有”； the problems that occupied him：占有了他的脑筋的问题，他所专心研究的那些（哲学）问题。
1705003505
1705003506
● suspended：停止。arduous labour：费力的工作。was tucked up in bed：裹身被中；这样的说法当比lay in bed更能使读者觉得床上的安逸舒适。
1705003507
1705003508
Though he lived to be eighty, he never went more than sixty miles away from the town in which he was born. He suffered from frequent indispositions and was seldom free from pain, but he was able by the exertion of his will to turn his attention away from his feelings just as though they did not concern him.
1705003509
1705003510
● lived to be eighty：活到八十岁。the town in which he was born：指Königsberg，为东普鲁士首府。
1705003511
1705003512
● indispositions：身体上的不舒服，小毛病。seldom free from pain：身上老是带点病痛的。
1705003513
1705003514
● by the exertion of his will：运用其意志力量。此短语（phrase）插在able与to之间，其地位亦值得研究。当able出现之时，读者自然会等着后面的to：能够……，能够什么呢？可是作者小弄玄虚，偏偏先来“by the exertion of his will”一个短语，再把to搬出来。这个用法至少有两点好处：一、意义可以更丰富：多一个短语，当然多一层意义；二、气势可以较舒缓：able与to直接相随，气势迫切，分开了语气就较婉转。然文章之道难有定规，有时文章意义要求单纯，气势要求爽利，这种办法就不合适了。总之，在读者意料不到的地方，插进几个字、一两个短语或甚至一个从句（clause），这就是文章的“装饰”，可以帮助文章的美。但是天下一切装饰，都要小心，否则随时都可能弄巧成拙的。如何运用得好，还得靠多读名家著作，培养正确的taste也。
1705003515
1705003516
● to turn his attention away from his feelings：使心另有所属，不去注意身上的痛痒。“As though they did not concern him”中之they指feelings：好像身上的不舒服同他没有关系似的。
1705003517
1705003518
He was neither impulsive nor demonstrative, but he was kindly, within his scanty means generous, and obliging. His intelligence was great, his power of reasoning impressive, but his emotional nature was meagre. Twice he thought seriously of marrying, but he took so long to consider the advantages and disadvantages of the step he had in mind that in the interval one of the young women he had his eye on married somebody else and the other left Königsberg before he reached a decision.
1705003519
1705003520
● impulsive：凭感情冲动行事。demonstrative：喜怒哀乐，常形诸辞色的。康德为人稳重，情感亦深藏不露。
1705003521
1705003522
● kindly：待人厚道。generous：用钱慷慨。此字之前又插了一个短语within his scanty means：在他菲薄的经济力量容许之下。君子固穷，然苟人有所需，康德亦必尽其微力，乐于周济也。obliging：乐于助人；此字在本文中为第二次出现，前面的一个解作“强使人不得不做某一件事”，这里的一个解作“使人负恩，使人感激”。此字的被动形式，普通书信中常用，如云“I shall be much obliged if…”（如蒙……不胜感激）。它的主动形式，就是“乐于助人而使人感激”。又，此字约相当于中国的“古道热肠，好行方便”，并无“故意市惠望人报答”之意。
1705003523
1705003524
● intelligence：智力。power of reasoning：推理的能力。impressive（动词was省去）：给人很深的印象；非常可观。emotional nature：情感的天性（天生的情感）。meagre：贫乏，薄弱。
1705003525
1705003526
● so long：那么长的时间。advantages and disadvantages：利弊。the step he had in mind：他心目中的计划（步骤）；he had in mind是定语从句。that in the interval之that呼应so long之so；in the interval：在（他考虑的）这一段时间内。he had his eye on：又是一个定语从句，“他所看中的”。本句内这两个定语从句运用得很是轻巧自然，随随便便放一个定语从句上去，句子一点不觉得累赘笨重，凡是喜欢把英文写得流利的，在这种地方应该多加注意。
1705003527
1705003528
1705003529
1705003530
1705003532
现代英文选评注 In Dreams Begin Responsibilities君子好逑
1705003533
1705003534
Delmore Schwartz (1913—1966)
1705003535
1705003536
本文题目应该译作“责任于梦想中开始”，然文中所谓的梦想，似指恋爱，所谓责任，似指婚姻，故暂译为“君子好逑”。
1705003537
1705003538
作者史华兹，为美国犹太裔诗人、小说家，曾任《宗派评论》（Partisan Review）副编辑。这篇小说原来是在《宗派评论》上发表的。该刊搜集历年所发表的短篇小说佳作十余篇，出版选集一本，书名《新体小说选》（Stories in the Modern Manner）。此处所录即从该书中摘出。史氏第一部小说、诗歌集即名In Dreams Begin Responsibilities（1938）。
1705003539
1705003540
I think it is the year 1909. I feel as if I were in a motion picture theatre, the long arm of light crossing the darkness and spinning, my eyes fixed on the screen. This is a silent picture, in which the actors are dressed in ridiculously old-fashioned clothes, and one flash succeeds another with sudden jumps. The actors too seem to jump about and walk too fast. The shots themselves are full of dots and rays, as if it were raining when the picture was photographed. The light is bad.
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.705003491e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]