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● something apart:高高在上,和老百姓判然不同。leading an existence中的existence就是life:过这样的生活。courtly formality:宫廷的繁文缛节。stately splendor:庄严华丽。“庄严”和“华丽”这两个观念在中文里是平行的,但在英文里,可以用一个为主(名词),一个为从(形容词)。这是中英文用法不同之处,亦是英文较多伸缩性的一个例子,请读者注意。
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● so far as we can gather:就我们所知者。gather:从事实上推断。
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● 那些君主,是否真正赞成“君民平等”的想法,我们不敢断言。就事实上表现看来,他们是赞成的。
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● 有一点我们是敢断定的(certainly),他们的确是依从(fall in with)老百姓的意志而行事的。
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● perform their public functions:执行公务(如接见外国使节、主持国庆大典等)。traditional:传统的。state and dignity:这两个字连用时,意义上没有多大分别。state有“庄严”之意。
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● when these are over=when these functions are over:公务执行完毕。
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● differ in no essentials:其主要之点并无分别。that of their subjects:他们“子民”的家庭生活。
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In Belgium and England the story is different because there the traditions of aristocratic society and court life are still alive. The British royal children are privately educated; the queen of England does not go out unattended and the Belgian king rarely does; there are courtiers and splendor. Yet even in England royal life has modified a great deal. An English princess will now dine out with friends without a lady in waiting in attendance. The little Duke of Cornwall is beginning his education not at home under the care of a tutor but at a school. It seems possible, too, that when he is older he may become the first heir to the British throne to attend a public school. Altogether the English royal family today leads a life which, while retaining many of its old forms, is growingly democratic in spirit.
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● story原意是“故事”。the story is different是成语,与“故事”无关,只是“情形是不一样的”。
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● aristocratic society:贵族社会。alive这个字是可以形容traditions的。are still alive当然比still exist来得好。
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● privately educated:请“太傅”教授。
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● does not go out unattended:没有侍从跟随,是不出门的。unattended形容主语queen。…rarely does:比利时国王出门,难得没有侍从跟随。
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● there are…:宫廷供奉之臣和宫廷生活的华丽,迄今犹存。
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● modified:改变,程度减轻。
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● will dine out的will是表示“习惯”。a lady in waiting:侍从宫女。in attendance:从旁侍候。
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● Duke of Cornwall:就是现在英国的王子Charles。英国太子的封号是Prince of Wales,当时这个王子,尚未正式册封为Prince of Wales。
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● under the care of a tutor:受私人教师指导。
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● heir to the throne:储君。public school:英国的public school,不是“公立学校”,只是“公众可以就读的学校”。以前英国的储君,从来没有上学校念书的。
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● a life which:这句话的重心是在which…这个定语从句上。a life可以说没有什么意义,它的意义借“which”clause而完成。这种生活虽然(while)旧日规模仍旧保持不少,可是在精神上,已是日益民主了。同样的句法,见于上一段之末句:a home life的意义亦是借“which”clause而完成的。
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现代英文选评注 A Professor in Retirement退休教授
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Jean Stafford (1915—1979)
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珍·斯塔福是美国当代名女作家,她的第一部长篇小说Boston Adventure于1944年出版,一举成名。后来,她又写了The Mountain Lion,The Catherine Wheel等长篇,以及短篇小说多种。珍·斯塔福是个很精细的作家,描写不厌其详,可是笔触轻灵,同情的态度中还略带讽刺。美国当代作家,文字风格的差别很大,有极端的粗犷,也有极端的细腻。珍·斯塔福是用精细的手法,来表现她对世界的看法的。
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本文原题“A Reasonable Facsimile”,刊于1957年8月3日The New Yorker杂志。讲一个老教授和一个青年人的故事。这里选录几段,读者虽不能观全豹,但是她的英文还是可以叫人喜欢的。
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