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● writing for publication:写文章不是为了自己怡情悦性之用,而是为了发表。more than I did:初发表文章时,固然怕出丑露乖,现在比过去更怕了。
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● gains in reputation:声名日盛。这句主语改用one(不用I),表示是一般情形。one thinks it does=one thinks the risk becomes larger。名作家出丑的危险不一定更大,但他自以为危险很大。盛名之累,不得不更兢业从事。
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● Consciousness:觉得(自己在冒出丑之险)。strikes:这个字可以易以别个动词(如happens),但是strikes较有力量。充分表示:作者想到自己万一写糟了那时的惶恐情形。in the night when one wakes:午夜梦回之时。
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● sweating:出汗。吓得一身冷汗不是过甚其辞的说法,是实实在在身体上出汗。takes place:发生。中国人说英文,很难做出sweating takes place这样的句子,我们很可能说one sweats这样的话。把动词sweat,化成动名词sweating,然后再找一个动词来配合成一个句子——这一点是和中国人思想习惯不合的。
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● rendered:发出。the question is put:自己问自己。in God’s name:只是为加重语气之用。venture:带点冒险性的尝试,成败难测的事情。presumptuous:自以为了不起的。unlikely:不可能写得好的。
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● anonymous:没没无闻的。respectable:令人尊敬的。这个字本来的含意是好的,但是现代英文中,这个字含有一点不好的意思:指的是不求真正的善,只是表面上的规规矩矩,奉公守法。
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Well, I can’t. And neither can anyone who intends to write. Perhaps this fear of the public is healthy. I think I like writers to be afraid. They can show their fear by a noble defiance in their work or by a beguiling charm and grace in seeking to win their public. At least fearful ones are not writing for themselves alone. They are seeking to communicate, and their fear is their proof of it.
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● can’t:不能安分守己没没无闻地做人。neither can:重复can’t。
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● fear of the public:怕群众的指责。healthy:健康的;这种心理是有益的。
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● I like writers to be afraid:我喜欢作家有这种“畏人言”的心理。
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● noble defiance:昂然不顾的态度。故意标新立异,不投阿时好——抱这种态度的人,心里面明明有一个对象在。beguiling:讨人喜欢的。
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● At least补充前面的healthy一字:至少这一点是有益的。fearful ones:心存恐惧的作家们。
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● communicate:表达,有话说给人听。proof:证明作家不是在“自说自话”,写作确是有对象的。
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Nevertheless this fear is something to wrestle with, especially in the beginning, at the outset of a career. Women writers are notably tender in this regard, possibly because women are trained, from the cradle, to please. It is the quite practical business of women to please. One way or another, most of us women get our living by it.
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● to wrestle with:与之搏斗,力求解决。at the outset:意即in the beginning。
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● tender:敏感。notably:可以叫人特别注意地。in this regard:在这一点上。
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● from the cradle:从摇篮时开始。to please:此处用作不及物动词。妇女有讨人喜欢的习惯;女作家的文章也特别地要使读者读来感到舒服。
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● one way or another:方法不一。by it:使别人喜欢。
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“Oh no, Mrs. Bowen,” young women writers say to me. “Oh no! I mustn’t write that scene. I couldn’t put it on paper as I have just told it to you. I can’t describe that child, that man, that mother, in such terms!”
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The writer, I maintain, cannot afford such reservations. He must find a technique that will let him describe anybody, anything, any situation—a technique that will permit him to use all his experience of living, tragic, comic, embarrassing, cruel, beautiful.
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● young women writers:年轻的女作家。
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● scene:场景。剧本里的一个小段落称为场景(大段落是幕:act),通常借用作文章里写得生动的一节;有景物,有人物,有动作,有对白;其有声有色犹如舞台上的一个“场景”。
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● couldn’t:此字含有轻微的假定语气——即使我要写,我也不能这样写。平常说话中,I couldn’t是常听得到的。指的是这件事我非但不能做,而且也不“会”去做的。I can’t则单指:我没有这种能力。
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● told:青年作家同前辈作家在讨论写作的问题。谈话的前一段是给作者省略了。我们可以想象:青年作家嘴里在讲一段事情给前辈作家听,但觉得有些顾忌,不能把它写下来,前辈作家则劝她写下来。
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● in such terms:用这种话。
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