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【例】The cities were brash, corrupt, and full of organized crime.
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periphery［pəˈrifəri］n. 外围，周界，边缘
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【记】词根记忆：peri（周围的） + pher（带来） + y→带到周围→外围
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【例】The industry developed quickly on the periphery of the city.
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gentility［dʒenˈtiləti］n. 假装斯文，附庸风雅
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【记】联想记忆：gent(le)（温和的，文雅的） + ility→文雅，有教养
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【例】The decline of civility and good manners may be worrying people more than crime, according to Gentility Recalled, edited by Digby Anderson, which laments the breakdown of traditional codes that once regulated social conduct. （1998）
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negate［niˈgeit］vt. 否定，否认；取消，使无效
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【记】词根记忆：neg（否认） + ate→否认
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【例】①When does the ego acquire the ability to negate?
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②The government was trying to negate the negative influence of the new policy.
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intersperse［ˌintəˈspəːs］vt. 散置，散布，点缀
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【记】词根记忆：inter（在…之间） + spers（散开） + e→在中间散布→点缀
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【例】①Flowers were interspersed among bushes.
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②The newspaper section is interspersed with advertisements.
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【用】intersperse among表示“使散布于…”；intersperse with表示“用…点缀；夹杂着…”。
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nostalgia［nɔˈstældʒiə］n. 怀旧，留恋往事，乡愁
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【记】词根记忆：nost（家） + alg（痛） + ia→想到家就心痛→乡愁
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【例】When the author recalls Harlem in the old days, he has a feeling of nostalgia. （2003）
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【派】nostalgic（adj. 怀旧的，留恋过去的，乡愁的）
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scrawl［skrɔːl］vt. 潦草地书写 n. 潦草的笔迹，潦草的文字，涂鸦
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【例】①Letter by letter, we watched Faith scrawl out a name.
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②Anthony hastily opened the letter produced, and was much disturbed to read in Tess’s handwriting the sentiments expressed in her last hurried scrawl to him.
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flounder［ˈflaundə］vi. （在水中）挣扎，肢体乱动；错乱地说话（或行动）
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【记】联想记忆：flo（看作flow，流） + under（在…下面）→在下面流动→挣扎
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