打字猴:1.705034957e+09
1705034957
1705034958 past six centuries, since 1371.
1705034959
1705034960 sacrificed , given up for. The educated class had given up everything else, had not done anything else, because they had to prepare for this particular form of state examination.
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1705034962 departures, going away; deviations from; setting out on a course of action different from that of the past.
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1705034964 isolated items of reform, items of improvement or change for the better that stand apart or are not connected with other changes. Dr. Hu claims that all these changes are not unconnected.
1705034965
1705034966 indicators, indications or signs that show or point out.
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1705034968 rectify, make or set right; correct from a wrong, erroneous, or false state; amend.
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1705034970 veritably, truly; deserving the name apart from all exaggeration.
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1705034972 co-education, joint education, especially of both sexes in the same institution.
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1705034974 Confucianist humanitarianism . Confucius (551-478 B.C.) was concerned with human (not divine) interests; hence his doctrine may be called humanitarianism. Confucius taught 仁义道德.
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1705034976 Buddhist mercy . Gautama Buddha (557-480 B.C.) founded Buddhism on the doctrine of mercy (慈悲). Buddhism came into our country in the year 68 A.D., during the reign of Ming Ti of the Later Han dynasty (后汉明帝).
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1705034978 Questions
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1705034980 1. In what direction has China achieved the greatest success in the past few decades?
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1705034982 2. What are the departures from the old tradition indicating of?
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1705034984 3. What does the revolution in regard to womanhood include?
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1705034986 参考译文
1705034987
1705034988 【作品简介】
1705034989
1705034990 《乐观看中国》,作者胡适,1935年3月载于《亚细亚杂志》。
1705034991
1705034992 【作者简介】
1705034993
1705034994 胡适(1891—1962),中国最著名的学者和教师之一。
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1705034996 西南联大英文课(英汉双语版) [:1705033801]
1705034997 6 乐观看中国
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1705034999 过去数十年间,中国在抛弃很多传统恶习方面取得了巨大成功。中国已成功废除缠足。要知道,至少一千年来,缠足一直是中国妇女可怕的梦魇。世代沿袭的君主专制制度已经被推翻,与之相关的整个体系也随之瓦解:妻妾成群的皇室、太监、生来就拥有特权并靠他人供养的贵族等等,都已不复存在。随着中国法律的修订和法律程序的改革,古代的酷刑和非人性的惩罚措施已得到废止。新式学校的开放,标志着“八股文”这种机械严苛的写作形式已经消失。所有的科举考试都曾以八股文为标准。过去六百年以来,为了精通八股文,整个受教育阶层浪费了最美好、最具活力的年华。
1705035000
1705035001 上述改革只是其中的一小部分,都是对旧传统更为深刻的背离。它们绝不仅是孤立的变革,更显示了人们在对重要人生阶段的态度上的根本转变。例如,妇女缠足,不仅是极端残忍和野蛮的陋习,还清晰而确凿地证明了对待妇女的普遍态度。上千年来,中国的宗教和道德哲学并未对此予以谴责和纠正。因此,废止缠足,不仅仅意味着废止了一项残忍的陋习,还预示着一种对待妇女的全新态度正在形成。从这个意义上讲,这是一次真正的道德革命。
1705035002
1705035003 这场关于妇女的革命源自基督教传教士发起的反缠足运动。近年来,该运动一直在持续,包括:开设女校,几乎所有大学和学院都逐渐建立了男女同校制度,妇女开始就业甚至从政,新民法承认女性拥有与其兄弟同等的继承权,与婚姻和离异相关的法律和风俗也发生了迅速的变化。这场革命远未结束,但是在过去数十年间取得的成就却是两千五百多年倡导仁义道德的儒家和两千年来倡导慈悲为怀的佛家所没有想到的。我们能不称之为巨大的进步吗?
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1705035005 (彭萍 译)
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