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the Roman Empire, established by Augustus (27 B.C.), divided by Theodosius (A.D. 395) into western and eastern. Western down till 1806.
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scrofulous, the adjective of the noun scrofula , a constitutional disease with glandular swellings.
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corrugated iron roofs, iron sheetings bent into wavy ridges, used to cover the roofs of buildings, especially buildings for manufacturing and other industrial purposes.
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blot, blemish; something that spoils or mars the beauty and perfection.
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decadent æsthetes, lovers or appreciators of beauty who cling to theories that are declining or dying.
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Weste rn tourists, holiday travelers from the West; Occidental travelers.
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funicular railway, railway worked by cable and stationary engine.
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advertisement, billboards with pictures and writing painted or printed on, in glaring colors, to advertise a particular kind of goods.
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paying investment, a business investment that pays profits in return for the capital that you have put into the project.
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affectation, artificial or studied display of modesty.
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Questions
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1. How was the way wonderful?
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2. How do the Chinese show that they are peculiarly sensitive to such beauty?
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3. When men worship the mountain, what is it that they worship?
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4. For what sort of religion do the Chinese seem to be pre-eminently gifted ?
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5. On what did we Chinese rear the superstructure of a great culture? What does Western civilization bring?
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6. Is the destruction of beauty a small matter? What have we Chinese done to Tai Shan? What would the West do to Tai Shan, given the inducement?
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7. Why does the author say, “Would that China could civilize the West!”
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参考译文
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【作品简介】
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《圣山》一文选自高兹沃斯·洛斯·狄金森所著《面面观:旅途琐记》,阿伦出版公司出版。
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【作者简介】
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高兹沃斯·洛斯·狄金森(1862—1932),英国著名哲学家,他终身就职于剑桥大学国王学院,并因出版《来自中国官员的信札:东方人眼中的西方文明》(1901)而享有国际声誉。狄金森称自己是社会主义者,他的转变是出于对当时混乱社会秩序的极度不满。但他关注的是过去,而不是未来,是精神世界,而不是持续的物质进步。此人对于东方的观点定是富有同情且充满洞见的。狄金森由阿尔伯特·卡尔旅行奖学金的委托人派到中国,并在《论印度、中国、日本的文明》一文中对三个国家精神及文化财富做了简短而出色的报告。
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8 圣山
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火车到达泰安府时已是子夜时分,其时月满如盘,我们越过田野,穿过几条裸躺着一些睡客的旧巷子,之后跨进了一座嵌在高墙上的大门。途经之处,厅堂、凉亭三三两两,又路过几处空地,那里月光如泄、树影斑驳。上下了一段台阶后,我们终于到达了一座柏树成群的庭院。当夜,我们便在一条游廊里休憩,翌日清晨一睁眼,看到头顶的树叶似乎与天相接。我们先行游览了巍峨的寺庙,参观遗迹——这里有唐代的铁器,宋朝的石碑,还有据说在公元前就生长于此的古木,以及刻满乾隆御笔的石碑和一间间破败不堪的厅堂。另外,一座座院落杂草丛生,偶有残垣断壁、大门和高塔。下午,我们便开始登泰山,此山是中国众山之首,也大抵是世界上最常为游人所造访的名山。相传泰山是上古帝王祭天的地方。听说孔夫子于公元前六世纪就曾登顶并感叹“登泰山而小天下”。伟大的秦始皇也于公元前三世纪至此,而乾隆皇帝则于十八世纪在这里题词铭文。三千年来,数百万谦卑的香客在这条陡峭而狭窄的山路上艰难跋涉。山路陡峭因其从无迂绕,而是沿一条小河的河床径直而上,通过石阶沿着山体一路爬上,约有五千英尺高。泰山十八盘有双崖夹道,犹如天门云梯,自下向上望去,蜿蜒耸立,险峻丛生,直到与天穹相接,这足以让任何一个狂热的旅者望而却步。我们比较有幸,可以在部分路段乘轿子通过。旅程异常精彩,路过那些低缓的山坡,我们途经了一道道大门和一座座庙宇。杨树叶的影子点缀着草地,成荫的柳树环绕着小溪,溪水一路上好像从一片碧绿的水塘落入了另一片碧绿的水塘。地势较高处散种着几棵松树。此外还有光秃秃的岩石,虽然光秃,却也极美,充满了奇形意趣,这与我在中国其他地区的山中所见到的一样。
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