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systematized, arranged methodically according to a difinite plan.
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formulated, reduced down to, expressed in, a formula; set forth systematically.
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phenomena, things that are perceived or that appear; occurrences. The singular of this word is phenomenon .
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functions, the activities that are proper to living tissues.
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deductions, explicit knowledge, reasoned from the general to the particular or from the implicit to the explicit, as in a geometrical demonstration.
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precepts, instructions or commands intended as rules of action or conduct.
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astronomer, a person who is interested in the science of the heavenly bodies, the science of astronomy.
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celestial, of or pertaining to the sky or the visible heavens.
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geologist, one interested in geology, the science of the earth’s crust, its strata, and their relations and changes.
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untold ages, ages or years beyond count; so many years that one cannot count how many; many, many, many years ago.
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tedious, wearisome; tiresome; long and wearying.
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brought home to us, convinced into us.
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disciples, follower; adherent; believer.
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universe, all existing things; the whole creation.
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balance, weighing apparatus with central pivot, beam, and two scales.
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microscope, an optical instrument, consisting essentially of a lens or combination of lenses, for making enlarged images of minute objects.
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Questions
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1. What three mistaken notions are commonly held as to what is science?
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2. What characteristic of science is emphasized in the definitions given in paragraphs 6-8?
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3. What is the one thing that all scientists are trying to do?
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参考译文
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【作品简介】
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《何为科学》一文原载于《科学杂志》。后收入毛理斯·加兰德·富尔顿编辑的《写作之技艺》,纽约麦克米伦公司1929年出版,229—232页。
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【作者简介】
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里拉·雷姆森(1846—1927),美国化学家、教育家,1876—1913年任约翰·霍普金斯大学化学教授,1901—1912年任该校校长。其主要贡献为发明糖精和创立《美国化学学刊》。
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