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the moves of the pieces, how to move the pieces, as each piece has a fixed path.
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notion of a gambit . Gambit is a chess opening in which the first player voluntarily gives up a pawn or a piece for the sake of an advantage in position. Hence, a person who possesses the notion of gambit is one who has the ingenious quality to grasp the opportunities of life.
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giving and getting out of check . Check is the word of warning denoting that the king is in danger. One who has a keen eye for all the means of giving and getting out of check, therefore, is one who knows how to outdo an adversary when he is attacked, and how to surpass him in any situation.
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disapprobation, act of passing unfavorable judgment upon.
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never makes the smallest allowance for ignorance, one who never makes the smallest allowance for mistakes due to ignorance is one who never entertains the slightest error or wrong committed as a result of lack of knowledge or information on any subject.
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stakes, sum of money or its equivalent which is wagered or pledged between two parties in any gamble.
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checkmate is the exclamation made by a chessplayer when he makes a move that puts the opponent’s king in check from which there is no escape. Here, checkmate means complete defeat.
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metaphor, figure of speech by which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of subject or idea is applied to another by way of suggestion, a suggestion of likeness or analogy between them; a compressed simile.
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Retzsch, Moritz （1779-1857）, German painter, etcher, and designer.
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mocking fiend, the devil who is ridiculing contemptuously, who is defying, his opponent.
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Adam . According to Genesis, the first book of the Bible, “God created man in his own image” on the sixth day. This man was Adam.
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Eve . Later God took a rib from Adam and made of it a woman, to be the mate of man. “Adam called his wife’s name Eve; because she was the mother of all living.”
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monitors, persons who offer advice or serves warning; senior schoolboys placed in authority of the class.
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susceptible, made sensitive to; exposed to; given over to.
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Test-Acts . In English history, the Test-Act was a statute passed in 1673 requiring persons holding office, civil or military, or positions of trust under the crown, to take the oaths of supremacy and allegiance, renounce under oath the right to take arms against the king, and receive communion under the Church of England. This act was partially repealed in 1828.
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Those who take honors, those who win distinction, such as academic distinction.
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“Poll.” In Cambridge University, England, the poll （collective） are the students who “go up” for, or obtain, a pass or ordinary degree （poll degree）, that is, a degree without honors.
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plucked . Originally an English university slang meaning rejection from the university for some deficiency or misdemeanor; but, now only, rejection for failure to pass in an examination.
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extermination, utter destruction; death.
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compulsory education, the system of education in which every child is enforced or compelled to attend school.
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visited as sharply, punished as severely and suddenly.
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boxed, strucked with the hand or fist, especially on the ear or on the side of the head.
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intervenes, interferes; breaks in to take a part.
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artificial education, education that is artificial because it is obtained by human skill and labor, in opposition to natural education.
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anticipation, act of introducing beforehand; an education that teaches the students beforehand how to make use of natural education.
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