打字猴:1.705038069e+09
1705038069
1705038070 exploitation, utilizing others to serve one’s own ends; making undue use of others.
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1705038072 acquisitive instinct, innate impulse to acquire things.
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1705038074 ascetics, those who practice severe self-discipline; severe abstinents.
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1705038076 flagellants, those who scourge themselves, who flog themselves, to cleanse themselves of sin.
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1705038078 dynamic, active, potent, energetic.
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1705038080 fluctuations, irregular variations; rise and fall; lack of stability.
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1705038082 analogies, reasoning from parallel cases; drawing conclusions from cases which seem to agree or to be similar.
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1705038084 potentialities, capacity of coming into being or action; latent powers;possibilities.
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1705038086 Questions
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1705038088 1. On what does modern or Western civilization rest?
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1705038090 2. How do we know that this modern civilization is extending its area of influence?
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1705038092 3. What precise characteristics does technological civilization present?
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1705038094 4. What are inevitable concomitants of the machine routine?
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1705038096 5. With what is technological civilization associated?
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1705038098 6. Is the acquisitive instinct of the earth’s multitudes a more important force than the acquisitive instinct of the capitalist?
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1705038100 7. In what way is machine civilization dynamic? What can we say of the future of this civilization?
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1705038102 参考译文
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1705038104 【作品简介】
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1705038106 《技术文明》一文选自查尔斯·奥斯丁·比尔德所著《人类去往何处?》,由朗文·格林出版公司出版。后收录入李普曼及内文斯编写的《现代读本》,由波士顿的D. C.赫斯出版公司1936年出版,见于166—167页。
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1705038108 【作者简介】
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1705038110 查尔斯·奥斯丁·比尔德(1874—1948),美国历史学家,于1907年至1917年在哥伦比亚大学教授政治学,1922年赴日本任东京市政研究所所长。次年大地震后成为日本内务部部长后藤子爵的顾问,之后他投身于写作、公民事务及学术团体的活动。
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1705038112 西南联大英文课(英汉双语版) [:1705033837]
1705038113 24 技术文明
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1705038115 相比东方或中世纪文明,什么是西方或现代文明呢?根本上讲,前者以农业或手工艺商业为基础,后者则立足于机械和科学之上。其实这就是技术文明。迄今,它只有两百多年历史,其影响力不但没有减弱,反而稳步延伸到农业和手工业领域。如果从专利局登记簿、产量数据还有实验报告提供的可信证据来看的话,技术文明毫无萎靡迹象,反而虎视眈眈,要征服、改变全世界。
1705038116
1705038117 考虑到技术文明的内在本质,该文明表现出若干具体特征。从根本上说,技术文明依赖动力驱动的机械装置,这类装置超越了人工操作者的身体极限,能够无限地成倍增加商品生产力。科学在其分支学科里,包括物理、化学、生物、心理学等,起着支撑及服务本体系的作用。粗制滥造的年代已经过去,自然科学的持续研究绝对是机械发展和市场拓展的必要条件,这样才能不断推出新产品、提供新工艺、营造新的生活方式。科研经费的相应增长得益于工业税收和资本主义巨头的赠予,如此一来,便引发和刺激了大家对科学的好奇心。这种好奇心会蔓延,带着一种前所未有的敏感嗅觉介入到思想的各个领域。工业产出满足全球众多人口的需求,因此,伴随机械时代而来的必然是大规模生产与营销。
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