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dynamos, mechanical devices for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
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epigram, a bright or witty thought, tersely expressed.
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“The people in their wisdom,” the people in full possession of their wisdom; the people acting wisely.
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pessimistic prophets, people who take the least hopeful view of the future.
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inveterately, habitually.
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world without end, eternally.
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irremediable destiny, that which is in store for us in the future, and that which cannot be remedied, changed.
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Uncle Sam with the hog instead of the eagle for his heraldic emblem . The United States of America is referred to as Uncle Sam
:according to a story which lacks proof, the name arose from the circumstance that the initials U. S. （United States） marked on certain casks of provisions at Troy, New York, purchased for the American army in the war of 1812, were facetiously interpreted as “Uncle Sam,” the nickname of Mr. Samuel Wilson, government inspector. The eagle is the emblem of the United States; hence in drawing the hog, a greedy, gluttonous and filthy animal, instead of the eagle to represent the United States, the suggestion of coarseness and absence of refinement is implied.
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to the foretime, of the past.
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vegetate, lead a passive existence without initiative or exertion of body or mind.
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sufferance, tolerance; consent.
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utopias . Utopia is an imaginary island, represented by Sir Thomas More （1478-1535） in his book Utopia , as enjoying approximate perfection in politics, laws, etc.; hence, utopias are places or states of ideal perfection. Utopia itself means “no such place.”
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fatalistically, in the manner of one who believes the doctrine that all things are subject to fate—that the appointed lot or allotted life of an individual is foredoomed or predetermined.
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croaker, one who grumbles or complains unreasonably; one who habitually forebodes evil.
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glow, from intense heat within;shine , by emiting or reflecting light.
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brought round again, come back again.
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anonymously, without a leader or a name.
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initiatives, first steps; leads; things done by an inventor.
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patterns, those which are to be, or are fit to be, copied or imitated.
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rivalry, competing; vying; being rivals.
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statable, can be stated.
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ultra-simple, extremely simple; easily intelligible.
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cue . The cue is the last word or words of a speech, or the ending of any action in a play, as indicating the time for the next person to speak or act. Taking their cue means succeeding in order of time, rank, sequence, etc.
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bird’s-eye view, the view that can be embraced at a glance, hence, a general view, not one that enters into minute details.
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take our bearings, find out where we stand; show us where we are.
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