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spontaneous switchman on the railway, switchmen on railways must obey orders as to which switch to open and when, otherwise trains will be sent crashing one into another. A spontaneous switchman, one who opens switches as and when he pleases without regard to orders from those above him who know better, would be a menace to the traveling public.
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temperamental, nervous; characterized by a strongly marked physical or mental character, especially artistic or nervous; liable to peculiar moods.
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playgrounds, used figuratively here to mean opportunities for indulging our other selves, just as playgrounds are provided for children to play in and expend their excess energy.
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confines, limits; boundaries; demands.
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Sabbath, in the Jewish calendar, the seventh day of the week, observed by Jews and Christians as a day of rest and worship. The Christians call the Sabbath Sunday.
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The Declaration of Independence, the American Declaration of Independence, when the Americans, on July 4, 1776, declared themselves to be free and independent of Greet Britain.
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inalienable, incapable of being estranged or taken away from them.
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Prussian militarists, referring to the Prussian military leaders who controlled the destiny of the German nation previous to the Great World War which broke out in 1914.
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the Kaiser, William II （1859-1941）, king of Prussia and Kaiser of Germany from 1888 to 1918 when, at the close of Great World War, he was forced to abdicate. Later he lived in retirement in Holland. The German word Kaiser and the Russian word Czar come from the Latin word Cæsar , originating with the imperialistic designs of Julius Cæsar.
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Questions
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1. What is the author’s purpose in the first nineteen lines?
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2. What is the author’s “highly explanatory idea”? What does it explain?
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3. What are the mistakes of a tactless person?
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4. What is the meaning of “There are half a dozen Dromios under one hat”?
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5. What is it that makes it embarrassing to offer service to another?
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6. Why do we practice on work that does not strictly belong to us?
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7. How does the desire to be somebody else explain many of the aberrations of artists and writers?
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8. What is the origin of the desire to be somebody else?
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9. Explain how the choice of a profession and specialized education makes the possibilities for self-realization less and less.
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10. What becomes of the other selves? Is it desirable that they should exist? How may they be provided for?
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参考译文
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【作品简介】
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《人人想当别人》选自塞缪尔·麦考德·克罗瑟斯1920年发表的《经验女校》一文。
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【作者简介】
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塞缪尔·麦考德·克罗瑟斯（1857—1927），美国散文家和一位论派牧师。1894年，他来到马萨诸塞州的剑桥，担任第一教区的牧师。他继承了昔日波士顿的文学传统——真诚的文化态度，天马行空的想象，对疯狂镀金时代的冷漠超然态度。令人愉快而又异想天开的查尔斯·兰姆和亲切乐观的霍尔姆斯[1] 赋予克罗瑟斯先生的散文难以尽述的魅力。
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