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Bismarck （1815-1898）, the great German statesman, the one man responsible for welding a German nation out of the many German principalities. The fallen angel is, of course, Satan.This brief sentence at the top of the page beautifully describes the Satan given in the opening books of Milton’s Paradise Lost .
1705041942
1705041943
Powerful frame, strong body or physique.
1705041944
1705041945
mastiffs, one of a breed of powerful, smooth-coated dogs, valued chiefly as watchdogs.
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assassin, one who practices secret murder.
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1705041949
Unter den Linden, under the linden trees, the name of a street in Berlin, Germany.
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the king, Frederick William IV （1797-1888）, William I, German Kaiser （1871-1888）, Prussian king （1861-1888）.
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about to yield in 1862, because of opposition to the king’s army program in Parliament. Bismarck was just then appointed minister-president, and after he had failed to secure approval of the king’s program, he dissolved Parliament, and in direct violation of the constitution, collected and expended state revenue. He assumed control of the entire government and suppressed all opposition.
1705041954
1705041955
scabbard, sheath of the sword.
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1705041957
elicited, drew out or drew forth; evoked.
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1705041959
convulsed, shook violently （literally and figuratively）.
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1705041961
gloss over, cover up; explain away; say as little as possible.
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after a thousand years of dissent . Charlemagne was able to bring most of the present Germany into the bounds of his empire by his energetic conquest of the Saxons, but the unity of his empire was ephemeral. The breakdown of the state was signalized in the Treaty of Verdun （843） when the three sons of Louis I, the Pious, divided the territories, the eastern portion going to Louis the German. The eastern territories never achieved a real unity; five great duchies, Saxony, Franconia, Lorraine, Bavaria, and Swabia, developed, and were dominant. From that time down to Bismarck’s day, these and many other divisions that later sprang up kept Germany from becoming a united nation.
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rent, torn apart; dissociated.
1705041966
1705041967
coping, meeting with; dealing with.
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1705041969
oscillation, changing repeatedly back and forth; fluctuation.
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white heat, great heat; under great compulsion; at a great speed.
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1705041973
forged, built up; shaped; made.
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this realm of music, German musicians and composers, such as Beethoven （1770-1827）, Mendelssohn （1809-1847）, Schumann （1810-1856）, Wagner （1813-1883）, and Brahms （1833-1897）, and the Austrian Schubert （1797-1828）, are well known in the field of music.
1705041976
1705041977
wariness, state of being cautious; cautiousness.
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1705041979
monomaniac, one whose mind is deranged upon a single subject only.
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primum mobile （first moved）, with Aristotle, the highest physical sphere, or heaven of the fixed stars, which is in immediate contact with God, and derives its circular motion, the most perfect of all motions, directly from him; hence, any deep-seated impulse or urge.
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Napoleon the parvenu . A parvenu is a person of obscure origin who has gained wealth or a high position; an upstart, in other words. Napoleon came from an obscure family, while Bismarck came from a family that had a long history back of it; therefore Napoleon is called the parvenu, while Bismarck is entitled the noble.
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misanthropy, hatred of mankind.
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1705041987
ideologist or artist, idle theorizer or artist （musician, painter and such）; philosopher or artist.
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1705041989
homo politicus, political man; political being; the practical administrator.
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