1705047055
1705047056
His alcoholism has completely enslaved him.
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1705047058
嗜酒癖使他完全身不由己。
1705047059
1705047060
He was enslaved by too many bad habits.
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1705047062
他染上了许多恶习。
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1705047064
同理，动词crush的本义是“压碎，碾碎；压服；压垮；粉碎；（使）变形”等。也是一个我们绝少想到用其转义的单词。不料，上译竟然使用my utmost efforts to say “no”作为动词crush的宾语！
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1705047066
最后，成语worm its way into的转义也被用得恰到好处。始料不及的是，其主语竟然是抽象名词diffidence！
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1705047068
转义词，化平淡为神奇！另如：
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1705047070
急流冲下了山，像狮子在怒吼。建筑工地也失去了平静，工人们急忙起床，发现自己的脚踩在水里。一百多工人同时向南奔跑，但是，那里的洪水已经有两英尺深，浊浪翻滚，工人们只得在混乱中半途而返。东面和西面也没有退路，唯一的出路是北面的一条狭窄的木桥。
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1705047072
转义词的运用为译文添色：
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1705047074
Torrents of water rushed down the mountain, roaring like an angry lion. The construction site awoke. The workmen rolled off their beds only to step into water. More than 100 thronged southward simultaneously. But there, floodwater more than two feet deep was whirling a wild dance, so the workman had to draw back halfway in disorder. There was no way out eastward or westward either. The only savior then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north.
1705047075
1705047076
原文精彩，英译照样精彩。译文中出现的三个词（awoke, rolled, savior），用其本义时，本是寻常词。如：
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1705047078
awoke (vi. ): to rouse from sleep
1705047079
1705047080
rolled (vi. ): to move by turning on an axis or over and over
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1705047082
savior (n. ): a person who saves
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1705047084
可是，当它们以转义的新面目出现时，全句乃至全段译文顿时生色。若以非转义词来“覆盖”以上译文中的转义词，译文将顿趋苍白。试比较句a（含转义）与句b（不含转义）：
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1705047086
a. The construction site awoke.
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1705047088
b. The construction site suddenly became active and noisy.
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1705047090
a. The workmen rolled off their bed.
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1705047092
b. The workmen got up very quickly.
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1705047094
a. The only savior then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north.
1705047095
1705047096
b. The only way to get out then was a narrow wooden bridge in the north.
1705047097
1705047098
转义词，在描写与叙事的文字中，凸现神效，在议论文字中照样立功。请读一段议论性文字：
1705047099
1705047100
从表面看，家庭平静，如同湖面，波澜不兴。然而，事实上，家庭的表面平静下面存在着急流。外人见不到这种急流，因为，中国人信仰“家丑不可外扬”。他们关起门来争吵或是打架。这个差距是非常自然的，要想绕着走是不可能的。唯一的道路就是面对它。有隔阂就一定会有弥合的办法，这个办法就是理解。
1705047101
1705047102
Superficially, the family looks as calm as the surface of a lake without any waves. In fact, however, there is some current under the calmness of the family. The current remains hidden from outsiders, because the Chinese believe that “domestic shame should not be made public”. They quarrel and fight with the door shut. The gap is very natural. It is impossible to by-pass it. The only way is to face it. There is always a bridge over the gap, and that bridge is understanding.
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1705047104
其实，英语的很多常用表达本身就是用其转义。如在翻译上文的“差距”和“隔阂”的时候，一般都会使用gap一词。而gap的本义却是a hole or opening, as in a wall or fence, made by breaking or parting。以上译文所以有浓郁的英语味，转义词（如current, by-pass, bridge等等）的介入，是原因之一。同样，若将三句中的转义词易作本义词，读之将味同嚼蜡。试比较：
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