1705048161
1705048162
汉语重意合,无需Connectives,疏放流散,却别具韵味。在汉译英的过程中,若是对英语的形合美,或曰逻辑美,知之甚少,或不善运用,那么,其英译将乏味。试比较:
1705048163
1705048164
我们过了江,进了车站。我买票,他忙着照看行李。(朱自清《背影》)
1705048165
1705048166
a. We entered the railway station after crossing the River. While I was at the booking office buying a ticket, father saw to my luggage.
1705048167
1705048168
b. We crossed the Yangtze and arrived at the station, where I bought a ticket while he saw to my luggage.
1705048169
1705048170
后译比前译多用了一个Connective,其英语味也更浓郁!除了英语味之外,英语表达使用了Connectives,貌似遣词有所增加,其实,表达却更趋精练。
1705048171
1705048172
5.2 时态(Tense)
1705048173
1705048174
英语重时体,汉语轻时体。
1705048175
1705048176
英语学习者长期以来惯于从语法视角观察英语时态,其实,说到底,时态问题,也是一个逻辑问题。逻辑欣赏条分缕析,反对胡子眉毛一把抓。逻辑总有逻辑的美,令表达精当,叙述准确。以汉语为母语者,会觉得英语的时态烦,不善准确传递英语的时态意义,更说不上领会其中的微妙口吻。如:
1705048177
1705048178
It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do. (Helen Keller: “Three Days to See”)
1705048179
1705048180
原句运用一般现在时(live)及完成体(have lived)细微而又精确地说明了两类人,即those who live in the shadow of death和those who have lived in the shadow of death。不识此美者的译文是:
1705048181
1705048182
大家看到凡是起死回生的人或者幸免一死的人,他们对所做的任何事情,总是兴趣盎然。
1705048183
1705048184
唉!“起死回生的人”与“幸免一死的人”,不是一回事吗?
1705048185
1705048186
人们已经注意到大凡正受到死亡威胁的人,或是死里逃生的人,对于他所干的事情总是兴趣盎然。
1705048187
1705048188
值得一提的是,英语的时态,又并非仅仅具有表达时间的精确美,它还别具口吻美。如:
1705048189
1705048190
You will have noticed in daily life that when people are inquisitive they nearly always have bad memories and are usually stupid at bottom.
1705048191
1705048192
在日常生活中你可以发现,那些专爱打听别人闲事的人们,往往记忆力很差,而且,通常他们实际上都是些蠢家伙。
1705048193
1705048194
You will have noticed…系英语的一个常用口语句型,基本跟时间无涉,其含义委婉而又礼貌。大概意思是:你也许已经注意到了……。因为,英语“情态动词+完成体”常表示对过去,即说话之前已经发生的事情做某种推测。另如:
1705048195
1705048196
a. Sorry to be so late. You will have been waiting for some time.
1705048197
1705048198
b. You will have heard about it by now.
1705048199
1705048200
英语的现在进行时更是别具口吻功能。如:
1705048201
1705048202
He is always thinking of how he could do more for the people. (表示赞扬)
1705048203
1705048204
他总是考虑如何为人民做更多的事。
1705048205
1705048206
He is constantly leaving his things about. (表示讨厌)
1705048207
1705048208
他老是乱放他的东西。
1705048209
1705048210
I am now living in a very pleasant flat. (表示满意)
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.705048161e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]