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过去完成时的基本构成是:had+动词的过去分词形式。
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过去完成时表示到过去的某个时候为止,动作已经完成或者情况已经发生。过去完成时的突出特点是表示“过去的过去”。
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He spoke of how his life had changed forever.
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他谈到自己的生活是怎样永远地发生改变的。
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Edison had spent only three months in grade school, and had supported himself for many years as a telegrapher, but he turned his life around through definiteness of purpose.
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爱迪生只上过三个月的小学,做过多年的报务员,但他通过明确的目的改变了自己的人生。
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过去完成时常用于下列句型:It (或This, That) was the +序数词(或last)+ time (that) +过去完成时。
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That was the first time I had been in such a large event, so I was fully prepared.
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我是第一次参加这样的大型活动,所以做好了充分的准备。
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It wasn’t the first time we had risen to the challenge of risk.
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我们奋起应对危险局面不是第一次了。
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It was the second time Ole had won over a skeptical audience.
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这是第二次奥尔征服了持怀疑态度的听众。
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11.8 过去完成进行时
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过去完成进行时的基本构成是:had been +动词的现在分词形式。
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过去完成进行时表示过去某个时候之前一直在进行的动作。
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I decided to change the way I had been doing things.
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我决定改变我一直以来做事的方法。
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He realized that he had been focusing on a wrong goal.
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他意识到自己一直专注于一个错误的目标。
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I came to realize that I had been living in a fool’s paradise.
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我逐渐意识到,自己一直生活在虚无缥缈的幸福之中。
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I had been making twenty thousand dollars a year; but I was glad now to get a job for thirty dollars a week because I enjoyed it.
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我以前一直每年赚到两万美元;但我现在得到了一份每周三十美元的工作却很高兴,因为我喜欢这份工作。
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