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20.1 针对当前状态的虚拟
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表示在现在情况下不可能发生或者实现的可能性不大。其基本表达规则为：在表示假设的条件从句中，谓语动词使用一般过去时；在表示结果的主句中，谓语动词形式为would(或could, might, should)接动词原形。
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If we did all the things we are capable of doing, we would surprise ourselves.
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如果我们完成所有力所能及的事情，自己也会惊讶不已。（句中的we are capable of doing是事实，所以不用虚拟表达）
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Most of us could get along very well if we used the advice we give to others.
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假如我们将提给他人的建议用于自己，多数人会大有长进。（句中的we give to others是事实，所以不用虚拟表达）
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The world is a play that would not be worth seeing if we knew the plot.
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世界是一出戏，如果事先知道情节，就不值得看了。（The world is a play是比喻，所以不用虚拟表达）
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Life might be too smooth if it had no difficulties in it.
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倘若生活中没有困难，就过于平淡了。
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Many painful things would cause pleasure if you regarded their advantages.
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许多痛苦的事情如果你看到好的方面，就会快乐。
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If children grew up according to early inclination, we should have nothing but geniuses.
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如果孩子按照早期倾向成长，我们得到的就是天才。
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在条件从句中，如果系动词be需要变为一般过去时，当主语为单数时既可以使用was，也可以使用were；主语为复数时，使用were的形式。
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If I were the president of a university, I should establish a course in “How to Use Your Eyes”.
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倘若我是一所大学的校长，我会开设一门《如何利用双眼》的课程。
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If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun.
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如果没有阴云密布，我们就不会享受阳光。
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If wishes were horses, beggars might ride.
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如果愿望是马匹，乞丐也能骑。（意即愿望不等于现实）
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If it were not for…是针对当前情况虚拟的一个固定句型，意为“如果没有”、“要不是因为”。
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If it were not for hope, the heart would break.
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如果没有希望，人心会愁坏。
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If it weren’tfor the rocks in its bed, the stream would have no song.
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