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· Claim
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· Exception
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· Evidence
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· Brute fact
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· Institutional fact
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· Association of cause and effect
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· Association of similarity
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· Claims that order values into a hierarchy
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· Claims that attach a value to an object
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· Claims that advocate a policy or an action
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15.5 Discussion Questions for Chapter 15
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· What is the basic evidence-claim relationship?
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· How can a claim be used as evidence for subsequent claims?
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· Can you briefly describe the four kinds of claims?
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· Why is taxonomy an important concept for argumentation?
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15.6 Exercises for Chapter 15
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· Exercise 1:
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Take a specific topic (euthanasia, capital punishment, children’s war toys, etc.) and phrase one of each of the four kinds of claims about each of the topics. In each case, can an exception be attacked to the claim?
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· Exercise 2:
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Using the topic chosen above, think of what kind of evidence might be used to support the claim then diagram the evidence-claim relationship.
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