打字猴:1.705236577e+09
1705236577 · 形式上的习语因其不规则而看起来与语法格格不入,但实际上它们可能只是“规则”构式(包括论元结构构式)这座看不见的冰山凸出的山尖,这些规则构式激活并允准所有可接受的语句。
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1705236579 练习
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1705236581 1.把下列句子指派给它们潜在的构式(致使-位移构式,致使-接受构式,结果构式)。哪些句子你认为是所说构式的典型例子,哪些则是更边缘的例子?
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1705236583 Shall I put your things into your rucksack?(我能把你的东西放在你的背包里吗?)
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1705236585 David has to sleep himself sober.(David不得不把自己睡清醒。)
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1705236587 I have sent Clarissa to the chemist’s.(我已经将Clarissa送到了医院。)
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1705236589 Bill cooked his mother a special meal for her birthday.(Bill为他母亲的生日专门为妈妈做了一顿饭。)
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1705236591 Joanna helped her grandmother into the gondola.(Joanna帮助她的祖母上了小船。)
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1705236593 They’ve painted their garage yellow.(他们已经把车库漆成了黄色的。)
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1705236595 2.找出表达以下外壳-内容构式例句(改编自Schmid 2000)情态意义的解释,并讨论名词和构式对于总体语义效果的影响:
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1705236597 Their mission is to put a military spy satellite into orbit.(他们的任务是将一颗间谍卫星送入轨道。)
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1705236599 The risk is that the economy goes from bad to worse.(风险是经济每况愈下。)
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1705236601 This is the time to make the right contacts.(现在是进行接触的时候了。)
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1705236603 It’s a wonderful place to work.(这是一个很好的工作地点。)
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1705236605 The fact is that people don’t trust politicians.(事实是人们并不信任政客。)
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1705236607 The problem is to safeguard the national heritage from decay.(问题是保卫国家遗产不受侵害。)
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1705236609 The danger is that the damage is irreversible.(危险在于破坏是不可逆的。)
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1705236611 3.从Goldberg(1995)中收集致使-接受构式和结果构式多义的证据,并判定本节所讨论的三种论元结构构式中哪种是最为多义的。
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1705236613 4.检查下列习语及固定表达,并判定到什么程度它们可以被看作是有意义的能产构式,尤其当你考虑到它们的语用功能的时候。
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1705236615 kick the bucket(蹬腿了)
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1705236617 null and void,bread and butter(无效,生计)
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1705236619 an apple a day …(每天一个苹果)
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1705236621 boys will be boys(孩子终究是孩子)
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1705236623 good morning(早上好)
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1705236625 how do you do?(你好)
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