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中国最伟大的历史时期：参见《全新中国史》。John King Fairbank,China
:A New History（Cambridge,MA
:Harvard University Press,1992）,93~99.
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最后是“殿试”：同上。
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据张珺研究：参见《满族蜘蛛》。Elya Jun Zhang,Spider Manchu
:Duanfang as Networker and Spindoctor 1901-1911（doctoral dissertation,University of California,2008）.
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资深学者托马·劳顿等人：参见《变革时代：两位中国艺术收藏家》等。Thomas Lawton,A Time of Transition
:Two Collectors of Chinese Art（Lawrence
:Spenser Museum of Art,University of Kansas,1991）,14;and Edward J.M.Rhoads,Manchus and Han
:Ethinic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China,1861-1928（Seattle
:University of Washington Press,illustrated reprint）,55.
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张珺对迎驾场面进行了以下描述：参见《满族蜘蛛》。Zhang,Spider Manchu.
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是当晚真正的英雄：参见1906年2月3日《纽约时报》。no byline,“Mission boards Host to Chinese Envoys/‘No East,No West,’Dr.Butler Quotes at Dinner,”NYT,February 3,1906.
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他给予了部分回应：参见《变革时代》。Lawton,A Time of Transition,53.
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在大都会艺术博物馆：同上，10页。
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端方的好奇心：参见《青铜外交：清朝特使端方出访欧美》。for a thorough appraisal of this breakthrough mission,see conference papers in Atlanta（2008）and Philadelphia（2010）of the Asian Studies Association,notably Elya Jun Zhang,“Bronze Diplomacy
:Duanfang as an Imperial Commissioner in Europe and America,”accessible online at http://asian-studies.org/absts/China/C-19.htm.
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美国普林斯顿大学学者拉腊·亚西尔引用了一位高官的话：参见《征集中国艺术与文化》。Netting,Acquiring Chinese Art and Culture
:The Collections and Scholarship of John C,Ferguson（dissertation,Princeton University,2009）.
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扩散到商代中国的其他地方：参见《发掘中国历史》。Jan Fontein and Tung Wu,Unearthing China’s Past（Boston
:Museum of Fine Arts/New York Graphic Society,1973）,41~42.
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正如托马斯·劳顿写道：参见《变革时代》。Lawton,A Time of Transition,65.
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世上几乎每座博物馆都拥有了中国收藏：同上，132页。
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1705466597
破坏宫廷礼仪的最严重罪行：参见《端方降职：女人干政，自私的王室难辞其咎》，1910年1月2日《纽约时报》。no byline,“Tuan-Fang’s Degradation:A Woman’s Influence and Selfish Dynasty Responsible for It,”NYT,January 2,1910.
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端方“被高看为‘封疆大吏’”：同上，236页。
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对端方最后时刻的记录相互矛盾：参见1911年12月19日《纽约时报》等。NYT dispatches from China dated December 19,1911,and December 30,1911 and appraised by both Lawton,A Time of Transition,and Netting,Acquiring Chinese Art and Culture.
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1705466605
根据20世纪30年代北京流传的故事：参见《变革时代》。Lawton,A Time of Transition,62~63.
1705466606
1705466607
那件青铜禁及其全套祭祀礼器独一无二：引自福开森写给赖茨的信。Ferguson to Bosch Reitz,July 28,1923,32.146 Curatorial Files,Far Eastern Art,MMA.
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1705466609
我必须与端方夫人、她的儿子、媳妇、女儿、女婿打交道：引自福开森写给赖茨的信。Ferguson to Bosch Reitz,October 29,1923,35.146 Curatorial Files,Far Eastern Art,MMA.
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幸运的是，依靠我与端方总督的友谊和合作：引自福开森写给赖茨的信。Ferguson to Bosch Reitz,January 10,1924,35.146 Curatorial Files,Far Eastern Art,MMA.
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1705466613
人们的目光都落在了那件“皿方罍”身上：参见诺德艺术博客。details from“More Than$30 Million for Massive Ancient Chinese Bronze Vessel at Christie’s”,Nord on Art Blog,March 30,2014.
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张珺对此进行了盖棺论定：参见《满族蜘蛛》。Elya Jun Zhang,Spider Manchu,363.
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1705466617
皆作为权力象征而制造：参见艺术新闻网。Eileen Kinsella,“Christie’s CEO was‘Panicked’Over Chiense Buyer Default,Leading to Private Sale of Ancient Bronze”,News.Artnet.com newsletter,March 30,2014.
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第十二章 加拿大幽会中国
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