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28. From the concluding address by Dr Laurie Wilson at ‘Renaissance and Antiquity: Vision and Revision: A Psychoanalytical Perspective’, New York, 23 March 1991: the congress at which the Angelo was first exhibited.
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29. A. Pucci, La reina d’oriente (Bologna, 1862), canto 3, 42. On Leonardo’s knowledge of this poem, see Part IV n. 52.
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30. British Library, Cotton MS Titus C6, 7; Harley MS 6848, 185–6. See C. Nicholl, The Reckoning (London, 2nd edn, 2002), 321–7, 389.
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31. On Caravaggio’s Sick Bacchus (Gallería Borghese, Rome, c. 1593) and other Bacchus paintings, see Maurizio Calvesi, ‘Caravaggio, o la recerca della salva–zione’, in José Frèches, Caravaggio: pittore e ‘assassino ’, trans. Claudia Matthiae (Milan, 1995), 148–51.
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32. 卡西亚诺·德尔·波佐最先描述了这件作品,并评论说:“这件作品十分精致,但并不能让人非常满意,因为它既不鼓励虔诚,也不端庄稳重。”这是佩尔·达恩(1642年)和勒·布兰(1683年)记录在枫丹白露宫收藏目录中的《沙漠里的圣约翰》,也是帕耶(1695年)记录的那幅《巴克斯》。“沙漠”仅仅意味着荒凉之地或野外。See Marani 2000a, No. 25; Zöllner 2003, 249.
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33. See H 22v, R 1252: ‘The panther is all white and spotted with black marks like rosettes.’ Cf. Dante, Inferno, canto 1, 32: ‘a panther [lonza ], light and nimble and covered with a speckled skin’. 现在,这个名字普遍用来指无斑点的美洲猫科动物(美洲狮、美洲虎和美洲豹等)。列奥纳多还说,“非洲的猎豹有着狮子般的形态”,这是按照传统的说法,即猎豹是雌性,花豹是雄性。
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34. Private collection, Ottino della Chiesa 1967, 109.克拉克认为可能是切萨雷根据列奥纳多的草稿画了卢浮宫版《沙漠中的圣约翰》(Clark 1988, 251);柔和诗意的景观让人想起了贝尔纳扎诺,他为切萨雷的一些画作添上了许多风景。一幅红色粉笔绘制的速写,之前收藏在瓦雷泽的萨克罗山博物馆,但已失传;这幅速写可能是列奥纳多最初画在木板底稿上的一幅作品的临摹作品(ibid., plate 119)。
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35. The three Greek words are transliterated in Pliny the Elder’s Historia naturalis (Bk 36, ch.29), a book mentioned in all Leonardo’s book–lists.
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36. BN 2038 19v, R 654.
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37. BN 2038 21r, R 606.
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38. Leic 22v, cf. 30V; F 37V, from a text headed ‘Book 43: Of the movement of the air shut in beneath water’.
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39. RL 12665 (R 608–9). Cf. CA 215r/79r–c, 419r/155r–a (R 610–11), 302r/108v–b, all of c. 1515.
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40. G 6v.
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41. RL 12377–86 (Zöllner 2003, nos. 451–60) are a unified series; two others, RL 12376 (which relates to the note on G 6v) and RL 12387, are probably earlier.波帕姆称这一系列作品是“设计得极为抽象的实验,在欧洲到现在都几乎没有重复过……在这些素描中,科学家完全被淹没了:其内在的韵律感给列奥纳多规定了这些视觉的抽象形式” (Popham 1946, 95–6)。
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42. CA 671r/247v–b. The drafts of this letter are scattered among various folios, sometimes repetitious: see also CA 768r/283r–a, 500r/182v–c, 252r/92r–b, 1079v/ 389v–d (R 1351– 1353A).
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43. CA 213v/78v–b, R 855.
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44. See Part I n. 43.
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45. CA 429r/159r–c, R 1368A.
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46. ASF, Carte Strozziane I/io, 160r; Laurenza 2004, app. 2. 这是一份给朱利亚诺的佣人每月付款的时间表,时间大概是1515年4月至7月,这些付款与之前人们认为的这一年年底教宗前往博洛尼亚的款项无关。列奥纳多收到40杜卡特,其中33杜卡特归他自己所有,7杜卡特给“乔治·泰德斯科”。列奥纳多信中提到的“服装部的”吉安·尼科洛收到11杜卡特,朱利亚诺的秘书皮耶罗·阿丁格利收到6杜卡特。
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47. 乔瓦尼并非像过去人们常说的那样是一名助手:这封信说得更清晰,他是一名独立的大师,在贝尔韦代雷有单独的工作室。目前没有找到关于他的文献。
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48. G34r, R 885.
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49. CA 534v/199v–a. 这句漂亮的标语是反对模仿者的一场辩论的一部分;这段话以建议在“街头、广场和田间”写生开头。
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50. Ar 88r. Cf. Ar 73, 78, 84ff., all dated by Pedretti c. 1506–8.
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51. G 84V, in the context of parabolic mirrors for solar power. Calculations of the power produced are on the following page (G 85r).
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52. Pyramidical power–point: CA 1036av/371v–a; cf. CA 750r/277r–a, which gives dimensions of the pyramid (base with sides of 4 braccia = 8 feet or 2.4 metres). Astronomical use: Ar 279v, PC 2.135.
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