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奥威尔对攻击行动的生动描述向我们展现了当晚的可怕景象:部队在泥泞的甜菜地里挣扎前行,穿过一片“水深及腰,肮脏黏糊的泥巴倒灌进靴子里”的灌溉水渠,周围是黑夜中分辨不出长相的本方士兵,“好像一群弯腰驼背的黑色大蘑菇在缓缓地向前滑行”。他担心自己的脚踩在泥里发出声音将行踪暴露给敌人。每30人只有一把用来剪断敌方带刺铁丝网的钳子。敌人会听到他们剪断铁丝网的声响吗?他们突然开始扔出手榴弹,同时在黑夜中交替射击:“每一个洞口似乎都在喷出火舌。在黑暗中被击中永远都让人觉得十分不爽——就好像对面的每一枪都是瞄准你开火的一样。”[35]他们成功突入了国民军的战壕,杀掉了部分守军,并迫使其余敌军撤退了。
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“我记得当时的一切都让我很害怕:战场上的混乱、黑暗还有震耳欲聋的可怕喧嚣,泥泞中的蜿蜒跋涉,时刻提防眼前的沙包被引爆——手里的枪一点儿都不好用,但我不敢把枪放下,因为一旦找不到枪,事情只会更糟……鲍勃·斯迈利脸上的一处伤口不断地冒出鲜血,投弹时血就会溅到他的膝盖上。”[36]战斗当中,几名德国志愿者一路从另外一处敌军战壕突破到奥威尔他们激战的敌军战壕附近。但他们既不会说英语也不会说西班牙语,只能手忙脚乱地用手势和奥威尔他们交流。
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以下是在战斗中缴获的战利品:一箱子弹,一箱手榴弹,几支步枪。都需要冒着敌人火力穿越泥泞才能被拖回POUM民兵修筑的战壕。在一支缺枪少弹的部队,这些就是无价之宝。
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在遥远的南方,正在穆尔西亚的医院康复的鲍勃·梅里曼让妻子玛丽昂搬到了自己的病房居住——不论在哪场战争里,这都是几乎没有伤员能享受到的奢侈待遇。没等肩膀和手臂上的石膏拆掉,他就准备回到部队继续训练新来的美国志愿兵。玛丽昂陪着丈夫,二人冒着一路的炮火,先到了马德里,随后又抵达了哈拉马河战场。发现丈夫已经下定决心在身体恢复之后马上重返前线参加战斗,而自己也没有可能说服他一起返回美国后,她决定留下来。“只要能和鲍勃在一起,我愿意做任何事。所以,我也应征入伍,拿到服役证书,成了一名下士……我直接去找了个女裁缝,她为我做了一身带裙裤的卡其色毛料军服,料子和男款军服的一模一样。”[37]与其他大多数国外来的志愿者不同,玛丽昂会说一些西班牙语,不久之后,她便开始在阿尔巴塞特的国际纵队总部担任文书工作,成了那里唯一一名美国女性,薪水为每天6比塞塔。
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[1] 2 November 1936,qupted in Howson,p.127.
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[2] Sommerfield,John. Volunteer in Spain. London:Lawrence & Wishart,1937.,pp.185-186.
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[3] Howson,Gerald. Arms for Spain:The Untold Story of the Spanish Civil War. New York:St.Martin’s,1998.,p.251n.
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[4] Bolloten,Burnett. The Spanish Civil War:Revolution and Counterrevolution. Chapel Hill,NC:University of North Carolina Press,1991.,pp.149-150.
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[5] Wyden,Peter. The Passionate War:The Narrative History of the Spanish Civil War. New York:Simon & Schuster,1983.,p.150.
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[6] Tierney,Dominic. FDR and the Spanish Civil War:Neutrality and Commitment in the Struggle That Divided America. Durham,NC:Duke University Press,2007.,p.22.
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[7] Manny Harriman Video Oral History Collection,ALBA Video 048,Box 11,Container 2,interview with Marion Merriman Wachtel.
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[8] Lerude,Warren,and Marion Merriman. American Commander in Spain:Robert Hale Merriman and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Reno:University of Nevada Press,1986.,p.75.
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[9] Mangan,Kate(sometimes referred to as Kate Mangan Kurzke). “The Good Comrade,” unpublished ms.,Jan Kurzke Papers,International Institute of Social History,Amsterdam,Netherlands.,p.350.
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[10] Lerude,Warren,and Marion Merriman. American Commander in Spain:Robert Hale Merriman and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Reno:University of Nevada Press,1986.,p.76.
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[11] 20-21 March 1937.
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[12] “Article three,” Milly Bennett Papers,Box 9,Folder 5.
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[13] Lerude,Warren,and Marion Merriman. American Commander in Spain:Robert Hale Merriman and the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Reno:University of Nevada Press,1986.,p.77.
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[14] RGASPI 545/6/947,pp.38-39,and 545/2/164.
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[15] Thomas,Hugh. The Spanish Civil War. Revised edition. New York:Random House,2001.,p.578.关于其他估计数字的对比,参见Eby,Cecil D. Comrades and Commissars:The Lincoln Battalion in the Spanish Civil War. University Park,PA:Pennsylvania State University Press,2007.,p.78,n.12。
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[16] 1 March 1937.
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[17] Barsky,Dr.Edward K.,with Elizabeth Waugh. The Surgeon Goes to War. Unpublished ms.,courtesy of Peter N.Carroll. Also to be found in the Edward K.Barsky Papers,ALBA 125,Box 5,Folders 4-21.,p.26.
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[18] de Vries,Lini. Up from the Cellar. Minneapolis:Vanilla Press,1979.,p.207.
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[19] Harry Wilkes to Evelyn Ahrend,12 April 1937,quoted in Carroll,Peter N. The Odyssey of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Stanford,CA:Stanford University Press,1994.,p.104.
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[20] Barsky,Dr.Edward K.,with Elizabeth Waugh. The Surgeon Goes to War. Unpublished ms.,courtesy of Peter N.Carroll. Also to be found in the Edward K.Barsky Papers,ALBA 125,Box 5,Folders 4-21.,p.5.
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