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[10] 波利比乌斯宣称,与其祖辈形成鲜明对比的是,新一代的高卢酋长们并未经历过于公元前225年爆发的,他们的祖辈与罗马人之间的战争——这一战争是由罗马人挑起的。见Vishnia,R. 1996 State,Society and Popular Leaders in Mid-Republican Rome 241-167 BC. London,17-18。
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[11] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,2.13.6.又见Florus,Epitome of Roman History,ed. & tr. E. Forster. Cambridge,Mass.,1984,1.19.2。
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[12] 参阅Vishnia,R. 1996 State,Society and Popular Leaders in Mid-Republican Rome 241-167 BC. London,13-25。
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[13] 事实上,第二次布匿战争尚未结束时,罗马人就成功获得了这一地区的部分控制权。关于罗马人征服山南高卢与利古里亚地区的完整记录见Toynbee,A. 1965 Hannibal’s Legacy:The Hannibalic War’s Effects on Roman Life. 2 vols. Oxford,252-285。
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[14] 希腊-罗马作家对凯尔特人和其他部落民族的固有成见见Rawlings,L. 1996 ‘Celts,Spaniards and Samnites:Warriors in a Soldier’s War’,in Cornell,Rankov & Sabin(eds.)1996,84-85。
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[15] 与凯尔特战争有关的研究见Rawlings,L. 1996 ‘Celts,Spaniards and Samnites:Warriors in a Soldier’s War’,in Cornell,Rankov & Sabin(eds.)1996,86-87。
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[16] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,2.19,2.21.见Rawlings,L. 1996 ‘Celts,Spaniards and Samnites:Warriors in a Soldier’s War’,in Cornell,Rankov & Sabin(eds.)1996,82。
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[17] Dio Cassius,Roman History,ed. & tr. E. Cary. 9 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1917-27,14.6b.
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[18] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,25.16.汉尼拔的假面具见Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.78;Zonaras,Epitome of History,ed. L. Dindorf. Leipzig,1868-75;tr. T. Banchich & E. Lane. London,2009,8.24;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,22.1。
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[19] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.40.1-3.41.5;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.25.1-21.26.5.
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[20] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.44.1-3.45.4;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.29.
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[21] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.49.1-4;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.32.1-5.
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[22] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.49.5-3.50.2;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.31.1 -12.
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[23] Ammianus Marcellinus,History,ed. & tr. J. Rolfe. 3 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1935-9,15.10.4-6.
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[24] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.50.3-3.53.8;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.32.6-21.35.3.
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[25] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.35.8-9.
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[26] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.36.7-8.波利比乌斯(3.54.4-3.55.4)亦提供了一段关于人与兽在这种冰天雪地的环境下所遭遇的巨大困难的描写。
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[27] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.37.2-3.与这个传奇故事在情节上类似,但精彩程度远远不及的版本见Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.55.6-9。
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[28] Ammianus Marcellinus,History,ed. & tr. J. Rolfe. 3 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1935-9,15.10.2.
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[29] 我再一次遵循了朗塞尔提出的,关于汉尼拔翻越阿尔卑斯山路线的明智设想。
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[30] Ammianus Marcellinus,History,ed. & tr. J. Rolfe. 3 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1935-9,15.10.9-10.
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[31] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.56.3-4;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.38.2-5.
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[32] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.60.8-10;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.38.4.
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[33] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.56.5-6;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.39.3.
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[34] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,3.63.又见Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,21.42。
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