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[73] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.38.1-26.39.23,27.12.1-27.16.9。
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[74] Plutarch,Parallel Lives,ed. & tr. B. Perrin. 11 vols.(Fabius Maximus,Pericles - vol. 3.)Cambridge,Mass.,1914-26,22.6.
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[75] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,268-279.这一著作的结构情况见Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,255-284。
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[76] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,266-267。
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[77] 这一质疑是由格鲁恩(Gruen,E. 1992 Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca,NY,231)提出的,他将《罗马年鉴》视为一部专门面向拥有罗马元老身份的读者的作品。格鲁恩认为几乎没有证据表明有希腊人读过这本书,而且其残篇中几乎不存在看似针对希腊读者的内容。在我们手中掌握的残篇极为有限的情况下,这些论断可以说是强有力的。我个人的意见是这部书中同样有面向希腊读者的内容,但作者首先考虑的是意大利和西西里的读者。
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[78] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,281;Badian,E. 1958 Foreign Clientelae(264-70 B.C.). Oxford,3.
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[79] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,236-246.
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[80] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.14.1-3.费边·皮克托的生平见Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,233-236。
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[81] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,284;Badian,E. 1958 Foreign Clientelae(264-70 B.C.). Oxford,6.
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[82] Gruen,E. 1992 Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca,NY,32-33.
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[83] Fabius Pictor,Fragments,in H. Beck(ed.),Die frühen römischen Historiker. Band I:Von Fabius Pictor bis Cn. Gellius. Darmstadt,2001.1.
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[84] 在一面位于一座运动场内的涂有灰泥的墙壁上,发现了一段对他和其他几位希腊作家的作品的概述,这一观点就是在其中发现的。这座运动场恰好位于蒂迈欧的故乡陶尔米纳(Manganaro,G. 1974 ‘Una biblioteca storica nel Ginnasio di Tauromenion e il P. Oxy 1241’,Parola del passato,29:389-409;Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,230-231)。
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[85] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,25.32.1-25.36.16.
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[86] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.17.1-26.19.9;Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,31。
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[87] 我的观点比沃尔班克(1957-1979,Ⅱ:135-136)的——他认为西庇阿对这些传说故事的传播持鼓励态度——更为激进。当然,无法证实西庇阿是否真的相信这些说法。
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[88]De Viris Illustribus [Deeds of Famous Men],ed. & tr. W. Sherwin. Norman,Okla.,1973,49.西庇阿出生时的情况见Aulus Gellius,Attic Nights,ed. & tr. J. Rolfe. 3 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-8,6.1.6;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.7-8;Dio Cassius,Roman History,ed. & tr. E. Cary. 9 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1917-27,16.57.39;Valerius Maximus(‘Valère Maxime’),Faits et dits mémorables [Memorable Deeds and Sayings],ed. & French tr. R. Combès. 2 vols. Paris,1995-7,1.2.1。他对朱庇特神庙的拜访见Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.5。对西庇阿与亚历山大大帝之间的联系的研究见Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.5。
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[89] Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:55中简要地点评了这件事。后世罗马人将西庇阿和赫拉克勒斯相比较的事见Ennius in Lactantius Div. Inst. 1.18;Cicero,The Republic,Laws,in De Re Publica [etc.],ed. & tr. C. Keyes. Cambridge,Mass.,1994,Fr.3,Horace,The Complete Odes and Epodes,tr. D. West. Oxford,2000,4.8.15。对这一主题的全面讨论见Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:54-58。
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[90] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.5.5.
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[91] Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,164-165.
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[92] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.8-9.
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[93] 对这一现象的详细讨论见Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,53-57。有人认为退潮时水位变得更浅其实是局部风力造成的,相关观点见Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:65-66。
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[94] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.42.2-26.46.10;Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.8.1-10.15.11;Goldsworthy,A. 2000 The Punic Wars. London,271-277;Lazenby,J. F. 1978 Hannibal’s War. Warminster,134-140.
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[95] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.2.12-13.
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[96] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.17.6-10.18.5。关于西庇阿小心翼翼地建立与西班牙部落首领之间的良好关系的经过见Eckstein,A. M. 1987 Senate and General:Individual Decision-Making and Roman Foreign Relations 264-194 B.C. Berkeley,212-220。
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[97] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.47.1-10;Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.19.1-2.
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