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[69] Pliny,Natural History,ed. & tr. H. Rackham,W. Jones & D. Eichholz. 10 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1962-7,34.40.
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[70] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.12.1-26.16.13.
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[71] 见西塞罗在其演说《论土地法》(2.76-97)中对卡普亚人的人身攻击。
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[72] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,27.1.3-15.
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[73] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.38.1-26.39.23,27.12.1-27.16.9。
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[74] Plutarch,Parallel Lives,ed. & tr. B. Perrin. 11 vols.(Fabius Maximus,Pericles - vol. 3.)Cambridge,Mass.,1914-26,22.6.
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[75] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,268-279.这一著作的结构情况见Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,255-284。
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[76] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,266-267。
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[77] 这一质疑是由格鲁恩(Gruen,E. 1992 Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca,NY,231)提出的,他将《罗马年鉴》视为一部专门面向拥有罗马元老身份的读者的作品。格鲁恩认为几乎没有证据表明有希腊人读过这本书,而且其残篇中几乎不存在看似针对希腊读者的内容。在我们手中掌握的残篇极为有限的情况下,这些论断可以说是强有力的。我个人的意见是这部书中同样有面向希腊读者的内容,但作者首先考虑的是意大利和西西里的读者。
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[78] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,281;Badian,E. 1958 Foreign Clientelae(264-70 B.C.). Oxford,3.
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[79] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,236-246.
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[80] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,1.14.1-3.费边·皮克托的生平见Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,233-236。
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[81] Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,284;Badian,E. 1958 Foreign Clientelae(264-70 B.C.). Oxford,6.
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[82] Gruen,E. 1992 Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca,NY,32-33.
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[83] Fabius Pictor,Fragments,in H. Beck(ed.),Die frühen römischen Historiker. Band I:Von Fabius Pictor bis Cn. Gellius. Darmstadt,2001.1.
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[84] 在一面位于一座运动场内的涂有灰泥的墙壁上,发现了一段对他和其他几位希腊作家的作品的概述,这一观点就是在其中发现的。这座运动场恰好位于蒂迈欧的故乡陶尔米纳(Manganaro,G. 1974 ‘Una biblioteca storica nel Ginnasio di Tauromenion e il P. Oxy 1241’,Parola del passato,29:389-409;Frier,B. 1979 Libri Annales Pontificum Maximorum:The Origins of the Annalistic Tradition. Rome,230-231)。
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[85] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,25.32.1-25.36.16.
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[86] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.17.1-26.19.9;Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,31。
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[87] 我的观点比沃尔班克(1957-1979,Ⅱ:135-136)的——他认为西庇阿对这些传说故事的传播持鼓励态度——更为激进。当然,无法证实西庇阿是否真的相信这些说法。
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[88]De Viris Illustribus [Deeds of Famous Men],ed. & tr. W. Sherwin. Norman,Okla.,1973,49.西庇阿出生时的情况见Aulus Gellius,Attic Nights,ed. & tr. J. Rolfe. 3 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-8,6.1.6;Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.7-8;Dio Cassius,Roman History,ed. & tr. E. Cary. 9 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1917-27,16.57.39;Valerius Maximus(‘Valère Maxime’),Faits et dits mémorables [Memorable Deeds and Sayings],ed. & French tr. R. Combès. 2 vols. Paris,1995-7,1.2.1。他对朱庇特神庙的拜访见Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.5。对西庇阿与亚历山大大帝之间的联系的研究见Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.5。
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[89] Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:55中简要地点评了这件事。后世罗马人将西庇阿和赫拉克勒斯相比较的事见Ennius in Lactantius Div. Inst. 1.18;Cicero,The Republic,Laws,in De Re Publica [etc.],ed. & tr. C. Keyes. Cambridge,Mass.,1994,Fr.3,Horace,The Complete Odes and Epodes,tr. D. West. Oxford,2000,4.8.15。对这一主题的全面讨论见Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:54-58。
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[90] Polybius,The Histories,ed. & tr. W. Paton. 6 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1922-7,10.5.5.
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[91] Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,164-165.
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[92] Livy,History of Rome [inc. Epitome],ed. & tr. B. Foster et al. 14 vols. Cambridge,Mass.,1961-7,26.19.8-9.
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[93] 对这一现象的详细讨论见Scullard,H. 1970 Scipio Africanus:Soldier and Politician. London,53-57。有人认为退潮时水位变得更浅其实是局部风力造成的,相关观点见Walbank,F. W. 1957-79 A Historical Commentary on Polybius. 3 vols. Oxford,Ⅱ:65-66。
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