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[1]Vladimir Dubnow to Simon Dubnow in St. Petersburg, Jaffa, 20.10.1882,in Druyanov, Alter (ed.),Ketavim letoldot Hibbat Tzion(Writings on the History of Hibbat Zion), reedited by Shulamit Laskov, vol. 1, Tel Aviv, 1982, pp. 522-523.
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[2]世界以色列人联盟，1860年创建于巴黎。
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[3]Bracha Habas (ed.),Sefer ha‘aliya hashniya(Book of the Second Aliya), Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1947, pp. 17-18.
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[4]Yitzhak Ben-Zvi to Kalman Marmur, J erusalem, 20.8.1909, YIVO RG 205/104.
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[5]Arthur Ruppin, “Lecture at the 19th Congress, 1935,”Shloshim shnot binyan(Thirty Years of Building), Jerusalem: Schocken, 1936, p. 276. After Margalit Shilo, “Peiluta shel hahistadrut hatzionit be’Eretz Yisrael betekufat ha‘aliya hashniya”(Activities of the Zionist Organization in Palestine during the Second Aliya Period),Ha‘aliya hashniya: mehkarim, Israel Bartal (ed.), Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi, 1997, p.93.
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[6]Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, “Divrei yemei hashavua” (The Week), newspaper column,Hatzvi, 1887, 14, in Israel Kolatt, “Poalei ha‘aliyah harishona,”Seferha‘aliya harishona(Book of the First Aliya), Mordechai Eliav (ed.), vol. 1, Jerusalem
:Yad Ben-Zvi, 1981, p. 345.
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[7]Yosef Haim Brenner, “Aliyot viyeridot” (Ups and Downs), inSefer ha‘aliyahashniya(Book of the Second Aliya), Bracha Habas (ed.), Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1947,p. 21.
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[8]约瑟夫·维提金1906年3月的呼吁：原始文本的副本存于劳工档案馆，附加在第二次阿里亚的文献中。
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[9]Zalman Shazar,Tzion vatzedek(Zion and Justice), vol. 2, Tel Aviv: Tarbut vehinukh, 1971, p. 461.
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[10]本-古里安的回忆录，《在犹地亚与加利利》（Beyehuda uvagalil），引自Zvi Even-Shoshan inToldot tenuat hapoalim be’Eretz Yisrael(The History of the Workers’ Movement in Eretz Israel), Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1963, pp. 73-74。
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[11]Ahad Ha‘am, “Sakh hakol” (All in All), inAl parashat derakhim(At the Crossroads), 4, Berlin, 1930, p. 167.
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[12]Yosef Haim Brenner, “Bein mayim lemayim” (Between Water and Water),inKetavim(Collected Works), vol. 2, Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuhad, 1978, p. 1188.
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[13]Brenner, “Aliyot viyeridot.”
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[14]Rabbi Benjamin, “Bereshit” (In the Beginning),Beinatayyim(Meanwhile),Jerusalem, 1903, pp. 95-104.
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[15]S. Y. Agnon,Temol shilshom(Yesteryear), Jerusalem and Tel Aviv
:Schocken, 1947, p. 450.
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[16]A. D. Gordon, “Heshboneinu im atzmenu” (Taking Stock with Ourselves),in Ha’aretz veha‘avoda (Land and Labor), Central Committee of Hapo‘el Hatza‘i r,1912.
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[17]Yitzhak Tabenkin, “Hamekorot” (The Sources), in the Book of the Second Aliya, p. 27.
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[18]这种表述来自《出埃及记》17
:4。
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以色列：一个奇迹国家的诞生 第二部分 正在形成中的国家 （1918—1948）
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第三章 英国统治下的巴勒斯坦
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1917年12月11日，哈努卡节前夕，将军埃德蒙·艾伦比（Edmund Allenby）勋爵进入了耶路撒冷，开启了巴勒斯坦、犹太复国主义和犹太民族历史的新时期。作为谦逊的朝圣者，艾伦比在老城城墙边下马，徒步进入耶路撒冷——这座城市迎来了自从1099年布永的戈弗雷以来的首位基督徒征服者。以这种方式，4个世纪的奥斯曼统治走向了终结。
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战争让巴勒斯坦满目疮痍，这里的犹太社区勉强存活下来。1914年有8.5万犹太人居住在那里，而到新的征服者到来时仅剩下5.6万人。阿拉伯人口也经历了巨大的损失，大约10万人逃离、被杀或死于疾病和饥饿。
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