打字猴:1.706974315e+09
1706974315
1706974316 [71] 《梁书》卷39、《南史》卷63。
1706974317
1706974318 [72] 《南史》卷37。在南齐武帝(公元483~493年在位)的奢华生活里也能看到烛的存在,参见《南齐书》卷20。
1706974319
1706974320 [73] 《晋书》卷33;《世说新语·汰侈》。
1706974321
1706974322 [74] 《三国志》卷10;諸橋轍次:『大漢和辭典』(9),1955-1960,10187頁;《北齐书》卷39;《北史》卷47;缪启榆:《齐民要术校释》,第165页;等等。
1706974323
1706974324 [75] John Dummelow,The Wax Chandlers of London:A Short History of the Worshipful Company of Wax Chandlers,London. London:Phillimore and Co.,1973,p.9.
1706974325
1706974326 [76] 《本草纲目》卷39。该文献的一部分已被译为英文,Ernest Watson,The Principal Articles of Chinese Commerce(Import and Export). Shanghai:Statistical Department of the Inspector General of Customs,1930,p.144。这个记载也转引自E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun trans.,T’ien-kung k’ai-wu:Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century. University Park,PA.:Pennsylvania State University Press,1966,p.221,n.3。
1706974327
1706974328 [77] 前两种树与另一种也叫冬青的同名树是不一样的,这种冬青也写作“冻青”(Ilex pedunculosa Miq.),二者无论从外观上还是名称上都相似,很容易混淆,李时珍在《本草纲目》里对此进行了阐释,李时珍:《本草纲目》,卷39,18b-19a。
1706974329
1706974330 [78] Edward Schafer and Benjamin Wallacker,“Local Tribute Products of the T’ang Dynasty,” Journal of Oriental Studies 4(1957-1958):226.
1706974331
1706974332 [79] 《天工开物》,218;E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun trans.,T’ien-kung k’ai-wu:Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century,p.220.
1706974333
1706974334 [80] Randell Monier-Williams,The Tallow Chandlers of London. London:Kaye and Ward,1970,1,p.35.
1706974335
1706974336 [81] 《晋书》卷49;《世说新语·雅量》。阮孚雅好木屐,收藏了许多打过蜡的木屐。
1706974337
1706974338 [82] 《晋书》卷98。
1706974339
1706974340 [83] 《陈书》卷16;《南史》卷58。
1706974341
1706974342 [84] 《晋书》卷27。
1706974343
1706974344 [85] 《晋书》卷20。
1706974345
1706974346 [86] 《南史》卷80。我不清楚这些木质器械的具体形状。
1706974347
1706974348 [87] Ernest Watson,The Principal Articles of Chinese Commerce(Import and Export). Shanghai:Statistical Department of the Inspector General of Customs,1930,pp.76-77.
1706974349
1706974350 [88] Francesca Bray,Science and Civilisation in China. Volume 6:Biology and Biological Technology,Part II. Agriculture,p.519.
1706974351
1706974352 [89] 缪启榆:《齐民要术校释》,第133页。
1706974353
1706974354 [90] E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun,trans.,T’ien-kung k’ai-wu:Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century,p.216.
1706974355
1706974356 [91] E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun,trans.,T’ien-kung k’ai-wu:Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century,pp.217-219.
1706974357
1706974358 [92] Joseph Needham,with Wang Ling,and Lu Guei-djen. Science and Civilisation in China,4.2,pp.206-207,and figs.462b and 463,讨论了此类磨子。
1706974359
1706974360 [93] 《晋书》卷83。
1706974361
1706974362 [94] 缪启榆:《齐民要术校释》,第90~91页;Francesca Bray,Science and Civilisation in China. Volume 6:Biology and Biological Technology,Part II. Agriculture,p.519.
1706974363
1706974364 [95] E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun,trans.,T’ien-kung k’ai-wu:Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century,p.216;and Francesca Bray,Science and Civilisation in China. Volume 6:Biology and Biological Technology,Part II. Agriculture,pp.518-526.
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