1707346504
209 See Creveld, Hitler’s Strategy, p. 163.
1707346505
1707346506
210 Sadkovich, ‘The Italo-Greek War’, p. 446.
1707346507
1707346508
211 See Knox, Mussolini Unleashed, p. 209.
1707346509
1707346510
212 Badoglio, p. 29; also cited in Knox, Mussolini Unleashed, p. 236; and (with slightly differing translation) Cervi, pp. 149—150.
1707346511
1707346512
213 Ciano’s Diary, p. 298; Knox, Mussolini Unleashed, pp. 215—216.
1707346513
1707346514
214 Churchill, The Second World War, vol. 2, p. 548. 但是，Brian R. Sullivan，“‘Where One Man, and Only One Man, Led’：Italy’s Path from Non-Alignment to Non-Belligerency to War，1937—1940”，in Wylie，第 149 页，接受了丘吉尔的这一观点。
1707346515
1707346516
215 Mack Smith，Mussolini as a Military Leader，第 23 页，指出高级军官们用“领袖的天才”来推脱自己的责任。
1707346517
1707346518
第五章 华盛顿特区，1940 年夏季到 1941 年春季
1707346519
1707346520
1 The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt, ed. Samuel I. Rosenman, vol. 9, New York, 1940, p. 517.
1707346521
1707346522
2 Public Opinion 1935—1946, ed. Hadley Cantrill, Westport, Conn., 1951, p. 971.
1707346523
1707346524
3 Public Opinion, p. 973.
1707346525
1707346526
4 Yale University Library, Henry L. Stimson Diaries 1909—1945, Reel 6, entry for 19.12.40; William L. Langer and S. Everett Gleason, The Undeclared War, 1940—1941, New York, 1953, p. 243.
1707346527
1707346528
5 Quoted in John Morton Blum, From the Morgenthau Diaries, vol. 2: Years of Urgency, 1938—1941, Boston, 1965, p. 254 (from the diary entry of 14.5.41).
1707346529
1707346530
6 Stimson Diaries, Reel 6, entry for 22.4.41; Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 442.
1707346531
1707346532
7 Public Papers and Addresses, vol. 8 (1939), p. 3; Joseph Alsop and Robert Kintner, American White Paper. The Story of American Diplomacy and the Second World War, London, 1940, p. 31; Robert Dallek, Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932—1945, New York, 1979, p. 179; Robert A. Divine, The Reluctant Belligerent. American Entry into World War II, New York, 1965, p. 56; David M. Kennedy, Freedom from Fear. The American People in Depression and War, 1929—1945, New York/Oxford, 1999, p. 427.
1707346533
1707346534
8 Quoted in Alsop and Kintner, p. 68.
1707346535
1707346536
9 Waldo H. Heinrichs, Jr., Threshold of War. Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Entry into World War II, New York/Oxford, 1988, p. 11.
1707346537
1707346538
10 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War, vol. 2: Their Finest Hour, London, 1949, p. 503.
1707346539
1707346540
11 Churchill and Roosevelt. The Complete Correspondence, ed. Warren F. Kimball, Princeton, 1984, vol. 1, doc. C-84x, pp. 181—182 (3.5.41); Heinrichs, Threshold of War, p. 81.
1707346541
1707346542
12 Quoted in Kennedy, p. 496.
1707346543
1707346544
13 The title of chapter 3 of Warren F. Kimball, Forged in War. Churchill, Roosevelt and the Second World War, London, 1997.
1707346545
1707346546
14 罗斯福在新政当中的作用是无可替代的。他感兴趣的领域都获得了成功，而他缺乏兴趣的领域（例如低价房），还有他犹豫不决的工业战略，都成为经济中的弱项领域，见 Tony Badger，The New Deal：The Depression Years，1933—40（London，1989），第 9 页。Patrick Renshaw，Franklin D. Roosevelt：Profiles in Power（London，2004），第 107 页，指出了罗斯福在 1933 年以后美国恢复国民士气时候的“强大个人作用”。
1707346547
1707346548
15 See Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt. A Rendezvous with Destiny, Boston, 1990, p. 252. See also Renshaw, p. 120; and Badger, pp. 94—104.
1707346549
1707346550
16 Freidel, p. 287; Kennedy, pp. 347—349; Hugh Brogan, The Pelican History of the United States of America, Harmondsworth, 1986, p. 565. 共和党在众议院赢得了 80 个席位，在参议院赢得了 8 个席位；虽然民主党仍然控制着参众两院，但跨党派的联合意味着反对罗斯福的力量大大加强了。
1707346551
1707346552
17 On American loans, and insistence on repayment, see Zara Steiner, The Lights that Failed. European International History 1919—1933, Oxford, 2005, pp. 38—39, 185, 188.
1707346553
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.707346504e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]