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192 Quoted in Radzinsky, p. 462. For the response to the radio address, see Sella, p. 575.
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193 ‘Iz vospominanii upravliyushchego delami sovnarkoma SSSR Ya. E. Chadaev’ (‘From the Memoirs of the Head of Sovnarkom USSR–Yakov Ermolaevich Chadaev’), Otechestvennaya Istoriya, 2 (2005), pp. 8—10; also Zhukov, vol. 1,pp. 305, 309.
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194 Volkogonov, pp. 421—422; Bonwetsch, p. 196.
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195 Mikoyan, pp. 390—392; Stepan A. Mikoyan, ‘Barbarossa and the Soviet Leadership’, in Erickson and Dilks, pp. 127—128; Volkogonov, pp. 409—412; Montefiore, pp. 329—334; Radzinsky, pp. 468—472; Medvedev and Medvedev,pp. 241—245; Service, pp. 441—443. Jonathan Lewis and Phillip Whitehead,Stalin:A Time for Judgement(London, 1991),第 89 页,说“苏联有整整 10 天时间没有领袖”。然而斯大林临时的消失只持续了 2 天时间,他的满满的日程安排证明,事情绝不像刘易斯书中说的那样。
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196 1941 god, vol. 2, doc. 651. 这是斯大林死后在批判贝利亚的时候,苏朵普拉托夫在 1953 年 8 月 7 日给苏联部长会议的一份备忘录里说的。在多年以后出版的苏朵普拉托夫的回忆录中(Pavel Sudoplatov and Anatoli Sudoplatov,Special Tasks:The Memoirs of an Unwanted Witness,A Soviet Spymaster(Boston,1994),第 145—148 页),他说这次会见是想要散布假情报,告诉德国人闪电战已经破产,长期战争不可避免,以“削弱德国人的决心”。Overy,Russia’s War,第 96 页,接受这种说法,不过他把斯塔马诺夫的会面的日期写成了 10 月而不是 7 月。如果此举的确是想散布假情报,那么从德国那方面的资料看,很奇怪德方没有收到相关情报。而且 7 月份德军快速挺进,占领了大片地区,在这种背景下假情报之说没有意义。即使苏朵普拉托夫的故事是 1953 年反贝利亚运动的一部分,这也不足以否定这个故事的可信度。实际上,以下两个来源都提到了和平的试探。See Volkogonov, pp. 412—413 and Radzinsky, p. 474.
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197 Montefiore, p. 346.
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198 John Barber, ‘The Moscow Crisis of October 1941’, in Julian Cooper, Maureen Perrie and E. A. Rees (eds.), Soviet History, 1917—53. Essays in Honour of R. W. Davies, Basingstoke, 1995, pp. 201—205.
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199 Werth, pp. 232, 236—237. See also the vivid account in Rodric Braithwaite, Moscow 1941. A City and its People at War, London, 2006, pp. 242—259, 271—276.
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200 Barber, pp. 209—211; Mikhail M. Gorinov, ‘Muscovites’ Moods, 22 June 1941 to May 1942’, in Thurston and Bonwetsch, pp. 122—125; Roy A. Medvedev, On Stalin and Stalinism, Oxford, 1979, pp. 128—132; Nikolai Tolstoy, Stalin’s Secret War, London, 1981, p. 241; and Overy, Russia’s War, pp. 95—98. Mikoyan,第 417—422 页,描述了政府机构撤退的措施和炸掉莫斯科城里基础设施的准备,但是错误地宣称(第 420 页),城区的气氛始终平静,人民没有恐慌。
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201 Radzinsky, p. 482.
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202 Barber, p. 206; Volkogonov, pp. 433—434; Montefiore, pp. 349—350; Radzinsky, pp. 482—483.
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203 BBC interview with Nikolai Vasilievich Ponomariov, c. 1998, typescript, fols. 29—35. 关于斯大林在那段时间内“英勇”的表现,见 A. T. Rybin,Next to Stalin:Notes of a Bodyguard(Toronto,1996),第 31—34 页。
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204 Watson, p. 193.
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205 A point emphasized by Schwendemann, pp. 354—363.
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206 Molotov Remembers, pp. 21—32.
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207 Khrushchev Remembers, pp. 587—592.
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208 Gorodetsky, p. 323 (also p. 239).
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209 Die Tagebücher von Joseph Goebbels, ed. Elke Fröhlich, part I, vol. 4, Munich, 2000, p. 214 (10.7.37).
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210 This is the presumption of the counter-factual assessment by Valentin Falin, Zweite Front. Die Interessenkonflikte in der Anti-Hitler-Koalition, Munich, 1995, pp. 100—103.
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211 如果英法在 1939 年听从苏联的建议和苏联签署了全面军事合作协定,那么英法就有义务在德国进攻波兰的时候进行直接军事干预,前提是波兰、罗马尼亚和立陶宛允许苏军过境作战(Zhukov,vol. 1,第 214 页)。
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212 Roberts, Unholy Alliance, p. 225.
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213 Glantz, Barbarossa, p. 31; Overy, Russia’s War, p. 71.
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214 See Rotundo, pp. 295—296.
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215 Volkogonov, p. 470.
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216 Quoted in Mawdsley, ‘Crossing the Rubicon’, p. 864.
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