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4 On MAGIC, see I. C. B. Dear and M. R. D. Foot (eds.), The Oxford Companion to the Second World War, Oxford/New York, 1995, pp. 706—709.
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5 The Roosevelt Letters, vol. 3: [1928—1945], ed. Elliott Roosevelt, London, 1952,p. 375.
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6 Quoted in Herbert Feis, The Road to Pearl Harbor. The Coming of the War between the United States and Japan, Princeton, 1950, p. 227.
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7 Waldo H. Heinrichs, Jr., Threshold of War. Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Entry into World War II, New York/Oxford, 1988, pp. 104—105, 174, 206.
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8 Thomas A. Bailey and Paul B. Ryan, Hitler vs. Roosevelt. The Undeclared Naval War, New York, 1979, pp. 263—264.
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9 Winston S. Churchill, Great War Speeches, paperback edn., London, 1957, p. 109.
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10 Quoted in Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 541.
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11 Quoted in Robert A. Divine, The Reluctant Belligerent. American Entry into World War II, New York, 1965, p. 123.
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12 Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 541.
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13 Sherwood, White House Papers, vol. 1, pp. 303—304.
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14 Quoted in Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 538; and James McGregor Burns, Roosevelt. The Soldier of Freedom 1940—1945, London, 1971, p. 104.
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15 Sherwood, White House Papers, vol. 1, p. 309.
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16 Yale University Library, Henry L. Stimson Diaries 1909—1945, Reel 6, entry for 2.7.41; also in Henry L. Stimson and McGeorge Bundy, On Active Service in Peace and War, New York, 1948, p. 371.
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17 Quoted in Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 538.
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18 Harold L. Ickes, The Secret Diary of Harold L. Ickes, vol. 3: The Lowering Clouds 1939—1941, New York, 1955, pp. 557—558.
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19 Quoted in Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 542.
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20 Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, pp. 542—546.
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21 Sherwood, White House Papers, vol. 1, p. 309.
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22 Joseph E. Davies, Mission to Moscow, New York, 1941, p. 488.
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23 Davies, pp. 494—495, 497; also printed in Sherwood, White House Papers, vol. 1, pp. 306—309.
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24 Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, pp. 560—561; Burns, pp. 114—115.
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25 Quotations from Ickes, vol. 3, pp. 592—593.
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26 Quoted in Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, p. 561.
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27 Langer and Gleason, The Undeclared War, pp. 545, 558—563; Freidel, p. 374. 英国在 1941 年 8 月向苏联派出了第一支北冰洋运输船队，但英国的帮助作用也不大。但是从 1942 年开始，运往苏联的物资在帮助苏联抗战的过程当中发挥了巨大作用。
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28 Sherwood, White House Papers, vol. 1, p. 319.
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