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[48]Letter, Raymond Spruance to Charles J.Moore, May 13, 1945, NHHC Archives, Raymond Spruance Papers, Coll/707, Box 1.
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[49]Mace and Allen,Battleground Pacifc, p.293; Sledge,With the Old Breed, p.223.
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[50]Bill Pierce quoted in James Holland, “The Battle for Okinawa: One Marine’s Story,”BBC History MagazineandBBC World Histories Magazine, accessed May 2, 2019, https://www.historyextra.com/period/second—world—war/the—battle—foR-okinawA-one—marines—story/.
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[51]William Manchester, “The Bloodiest Battle of All,”New York Times, June 14, 1987.
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[52]Sledge,With the Old Breed, p.278.
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[53]Ibid., p.253.
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[54]Yahara,The Battle for Okinawa, p.59.
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[55]Ibid., p.67.
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[56]Ibid., p.83.
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[57]Ushijima quoted in Auer, ed.,From Marco Polo Bridge to Pearl Harbor, p.162.
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[58]尼米兹说：“我认为，在‘奥林匹克’行动中，如果把需要精心计划的两栖作战阶段交给斯普鲁恩斯，而让哈尔西来负责进攻性的掩护行动，这对国家是最有利的。……这样一来，两人都将在自己最擅长的领域里工作。” CINCPAC to COMINCH, Message 0226,April 5, 1945, in CINCPAC Gray Book, Book 6, p.3078.金的回复是：“我同意你的观点，登陆指挥应该交给第5舰队的斯普鲁恩斯与特纳这对搭档。” Message 1921, April 9, 1945,in CINCPAC Gray Book, Book 6, p.3079.
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[59]Third Fleet War Diary, June 4, 1945, p.7.
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[60]Roy L.Johnson account, Wooldridge, ed.,Carrier Warfare in the Pacifc, pp.245—46.
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[61]Radford,From Pearl Harbor to Vietnam, p.60.
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[62]Sherman,Combat Command, p.308.
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[63]Third Fleet War Diary, June 4, 1945, p.7.
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[64]Radford,From Pearl Harbor to Vietnam, p.60.
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[65]Timemagazine, July 23, 1945.
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[66]Hynes,Flights of Passage, p.236.
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[67]Thomas McKinney quoted in Lacey,Stay Of the Skyline, p.86.
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[68]“Japanese Radio Plan,” pp.1—2, “Weekly Plan for Psychological Warfare, April 28, 1945.”Office of Military Secretary to Commander Chief, U.S.Army Forces in the Pacific, Hoover Institution Archives, Bonner Fellers Papers.
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[69]Appendix, “Inducement to Surrender of Japanese Forces,” Combined Chiefs of Staf, Anglo—American Outline Plan for Psychological Warfare Against Japan, Reference A, CCS—539 Series,p.10, Hoover Institution Archives, Bonner Fellers Papers.
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[70]Frank B.Gibney’s commentary in Yahara,The Battle for Okinawa, p.199.
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[71]Masahide Ota quoted in Lacey,Stay Of the Skyline, p.61.
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[72]Kikuko Miyagi, oral history, Cook and Cook, eds.,Japan at War, pp.357—58.
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