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20 Judith Kolbas，The Mongols in Iran: Chingiz Khan to Uljaytu, 1220-1309 （London，2009）.
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21 Lane，Early Mongol Rule，pp. 145-150；Genghis Khan and Mongol Rule，p. 71.
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22 A. P. Martinez，‘Some notes on the Il-Xanid Army’，Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi，VI（1986），pp. 143-145.
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23 Reuven Amitai，‘Continuity and Change in the Mongol Army of the Ilkhanate’，国际中东研究大会提交论文（巴塞罗那，2010 年 7 月 23 日）。
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24 Thomas T. Allsen，Commodity and Exchange in the Mongol Empire: A Cultural History of Islamic Textiles（Cambridge，1997）.
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25 Anne Broadbridge，Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds（Cambridge，2008），pp. 84-85.
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26 Anne Broadbridge，Kingship and Ideology in the Islamic and Mongol Worlds，pp. 102-103.
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27 Michal Biran，Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State in Central Asia（Richmond，Surrey，1997），pp. 22-23.
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28 Biran，Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State，pp. 26-29；Buell，Historical Dictionary，pp. 82-83.
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29 Biran，Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State，pp. 26-27.
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30 同上，pp.27-28。
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31 今译赫拉特。——译者
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