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44 Michal Biran，‘The Chaghataids and Islam：The Conversion of Tarmashirin Khan（1331-1334）’，Journal of the American Oriental Society，CXXII/4（2002），pp. 742-752. 文中详细探讨了答儿麻失里的皈依。亦可参看 Elverskog，Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road，p. 189；Gyorgy Kara，‘Medieval Mongol Documents from Khara Khoto and East Turkestan in the St Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies’，Manuscripta Orientalia，IX/2（2003），pp. 28-30。
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45 Elverskog，Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road，pp. 189-191.
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46 Ross Dunn，The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the 14th Century（Berkeley，CA，2005），p. 41.
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47 同上，p. 46。
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48 Klaus Sagaster，‘The History of Buddhism among the Mongols’，in The Spread of Buddhism，ed. Ann Heirmann and Stephan Peter Bumbacher（Leiden，2007），pp. 381-382.
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49 同上，p. 382。
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50 又译多达那波。——译者
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51 Sagaster，‘The History of Buddhism among the Mongols’，p. 384.
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52 同上，pp. 386-387。
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53 Elverskog，Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road，p. 134.
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54 Elverskog，Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road，p. 136.
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55 畏兀儿人在蒙古政府中的重要性是众所周知的，一个长时段的考察见 Michael C. Brose，Subjects and Masters: Uyghurs in the Mongol Empire （Bellingham，WA，2007）。
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