打字猴:1.7074979e+09
1707497900 18.Louis Kutcher,“The American Sports Event as Carnival:An Emergent Norm Approach to Crowd Behavior,“Journal of Popular Culture16,no.4(Spring1983):34-41.
1707497901
1707497902 19.Morris,p.248.
1707497903
1707497904 20.See http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a2_186.html.
1707497905
1707497906 21.Bob Harvilla,“Thumping for Tejada,“East Bay Express,May2,2003,p.58.
1707497907
1707497908 22.Mark Simon,“A Little Bit of Brazil in Palo Alto,“San Francisco Chronicle,June21,1993.
1707497909
1707497910 23.May Colleen,the Airbrush Shoppe,phone interview with the author.
1707497911
1707497912 24.Bobbi Weiner,phone interview with the author.
1707497913
1707497914 25.http://www.koreainfogate.com/2002worldcup/news.asp?column=97.
1707497915
1707497916 26.“Soccer Crowds Sing,Sing,Sing for the Homeland Team,“Washington Post,July16,1994.
1707497917
1707497918 27.Klaus Hansen,review of Soccer Fan Singing:A FANomenology,by Reinhard Kopiez and Guido Brink,RPM,no.26,Summer1998.
1707497919
1707497920 28.Bellos,p.140.
1707497921
1707497922 29.Morris,p.258.
1707497923
1707497924 30.Quoted in ibid.,p.258.
1707497925
1707497926 31.Mark Trumbull,“How’the Wave’Swept the Nation,“Christian Science Monitor,January29,1993.
1707497927
1707497928 32.George Vecsey,“Help Stop the Wave,“New York Times,June25,1984.
1707497929
1707497930 33.“Sports of the Times:Permanent Wave in Motown,“New York Times,October6,1984.
1707497931
1707497932 34.Cashmore,p.182.
1707497933
1707497934 35.Wann et al.,p.128.
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1707497936 36.Kutcher,p.39.
1707497937
1707497938 37.Sheila Moss,http://www.humorcolumnist.com/football.htm.
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1707497940 38.Morris,p.252.
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1707497942 39.Bellos,p.128.
1707497943
1707497944 40.“It Isn’t Just a Game:Clues to Avid Rooting,“New York Times,August11,2000.
1707497945
1707497946 41.Harvilla,“Thumping for Tejada.”
1707497947
1707497948 42.Franz Lidz,“Out of Bounds,“Sports Illustrated,November30,1992.
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