1707503848
[69]J.R.Scobie,‘Buenos Aires as a Commercial-Bureaucratic City’,American Historical Review 77,4 (1972),p.1045.
1707503849
1707503850
[70]R.Chandarvarkar,The Origins of Industrial Capitalism in India (Cambridge,1994),p.23.
1707503851
1707503852
[71]C.Trocki,Singapore:Wealth,Power and the Culture of Control (London,2006),第1、2章。
1707503853
1707503854
[72]O.Ruhen,Port of Melbourne 1835–1876 (North Melbourne,1976);F.Broeze,Island Nation (London,1998).
1707503855
1707503856
[73]参见S.Jackson,The Sassoons (London,1968)。
1707503857
1707503858
[74]参见I.Stone,The Global Export of Capital from Great Britain,1865–1914:A Statistical Survey (Basingstoke,1999)。
1707503859
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[75]League of Nations,The Network of World Trade (Geneva,1942),p.84.
1707503861
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[76]参见M.de Cecco,Money and Empire (Oxford,1974)。
1707503863
1707503864
[77]最好的描述见R.Michie,The City of London:Continuity and Change,1850–1990 (Basingstoke,1992);D.Kynaston,The City of London:Golden Years 1890–1914 (London,1995).
1707503865
1707503866
[78]Speech in Canada (?1913).Bodleian Library,Robert Brand Papers,box 26.
1707503867
1707503868
[79]N.Angell,The Great Illusion (London,1911).
1707503869
1707503870
[80]参见I.Phimister,Wangi Kolia (Johannesburg,1994) for a graphic account of labour conditions on the Wankie coalfield in Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)。
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1707503872
[81]来自进口税的税收等于1900年美国进口值的27.6%。英国、法国和德国在5%到8.8%之间,参见A.Stein,‘The Hegemon’s Dilemma:Great Britain,the United States and the International Economic Order’,International Organization 38,2 (1984),pp.355–386。
1707503873
1707503874
[82]R.Lindert,Key Currencies and Gold,1900–1930 (Princeton,1969),p.121.
1707503875
1707503876
[83]参见J.W.Burrow,The Crisis of Reason (London,2000),第3章。
1707503877
1707503878
[84]同上书,第96页。
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1707503880
[85]相关例子参见H.H.Risley,The People of India (London,1908)。Risley是当时印度政府中的高级官员。
1707503881
1707503882
[86]Burrow,Crisis,p.103.
1707503883
1707503884
[87]G.W.Stocking,Victorian Anthropology (New York,1987),p.136.
1707503885
1707503886
[88]英国官方使用的表达方式,参见A.Seal,The Emergence of Indian Nationalism (Cambridge,1968),p.15。
1707503887
1707503888
[89]S.Dubow,Racial Segregation and the Origins of Apartheid in South Africa 1919–1936 (London,1989) pp.22–23.
1707503889
1707503890
[90]Greta Jones,Social Darwinism and English Thought (London,1980),p.150.
1707503891
1707503892
[91]参见T.Metcalf,Ideologies of the Raj (Cambridge,1995),第3章。
1707503893
1707503894
[92]参见J.MacKenzie,Orientalism:History,Theory and the Arts (Manchester,1995)。
1707503895
1707503896
[93]S.Bayly,Caste,Society and Politics in India (Cambridge,1999),p.101.一种相反的观点见N.Dirks,Castes of Mind (Princeton,2001)。
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