打字猴:1.707504186e+09
1707504186
1707504187 [13]A.Hourani,Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age 1789–1939 (London,1962;repr.Cambridge,1983),p.276.
1707504188
1707504189 [14]参见M.Llewellyn Smith,Ionian Vision:Greece in Asia Minor 1919–1922  (London,1973)。
1707504190
1707504191 [15]关于危机的评论,见D.Walder,The Chanak Affair (London,1969)。
1707504192
1707504193 [16]关于战争的人文后果及条约的讨论见J.McCarthy,Death and Exile:The Ethnic Cleansing of Ottoman Muslims 1821–1922 (Princeton,1995),第7章。
1707504194
1707504195 [17]英国从伊拉克完全撤军在1923年的内阁会议上激烈辩论过。当时的首相Andrew Bonar Law赞成前去。
1707504196
1707504197 [18]关于国父的建国活动,见B.Lewis,The Emergence of Modern Turkey (London,1961);A.Mango,Ataturk (London,1999);M.E.Meeker,A Nation of Empire:The Ottoman Legacy of Turkish Modernity (Berkeley,Los Angeles and London,2002)。关于Reza Shah重建伊朗,见E.Abrahamian,Iran between Two Revolutions (Princeton,1982),pp.118–165。关于石油出口的巨大价值,参见A.T.Wilson,Persia (London,1932),p.307。M.E.Yapp,The Near East since the First World War (London,1991)是一份出色的一般性讨论。
1707504198
1707504199 [19]关于印度穆斯林不满情绪的增强,见F.C.R.Robinson,Separatism among Indian Muslims:The Politics of the United Provinces Muslims,1860–1923 (Cambridge,1974);Jacob M.Landau,The Politics of Pan-Islam:Ideology and Organization (Oxford,1990),pp.182–215;M.Hasan,Mahomed Ali:Ideology and Politics (Delhi,1981)。直到1919年,Mahomed Ali因为煽动闹事而被英国政府拘留。
1707504200
1707504201 [20]现在,关于Amritsar的最好作品是N.Collet,The Butcher of Amritsar (London,2006),尽管其有色的标题,但却是一份敏锐的和学术的研究。
1707504202
1707504203 [21]关于甘地早期的政治生涯以及1919年的运动,见J.M.Brown,Gandhi’s Rise to Power (Cambridge,1972);R.Kumar (de.),Essays in Gandhian Politics (Oxford,1917)。
1707504204
1707504205 [22]D.A.Low,‘The Government of India and the First Non-Cooperation Campaign,1920–1922’,in Kumar (ed.),Gandhian Politics;D.Page,Prelude to Partition:The Indian Muslims and the Imperial System of Control 1920–1932 (Delhi,1982).
1707504206
1707504207 [23]这些神经质的手腕可以在下列书中找到B.T.Tomlinson,The Indian National Congress and the Raj (London,1976)。
1707504208
1707504209 [24]参见Zhang Yongjin,China in the International System,1918–1920:The Middle Kingdom at the Periphery (London,1991)。
1707504210
1707504211 [25]A.j.Nathan,Peking Politics 1918–1923 (London,1976).
1707504212
1707504213 [26]A.Waldron,“The Warlord:Twentieth Century Chinese Understandings of Violence,Militarism and Imperialism”,American Historical Review 96,4 (1991),pp.1073–1100;概况参见His-Sheng Ch’I,Warlord Politics in China (Stanford,1976);关于一个省份的个案研究,见Angus W.McDonald,The Urban Origins of Rural Revolution:Elites and the Masses in Hunan Province,China,1911–1927 (Berkeley,Los Angeles and London,1978)。
1707504214
1707504215 [27]H.B.Morse and H.F MacNair,Far Eastern International Relations (2nd edn,Cambridge,Mass.,1931),p.581.
1707504216
1707504217 [28]Ibid.,pp.581–583.
1707504218
1707504219 [29]参见Jerome B.Grieder,Intellectuals and the State in Modern China (New York,1981),pp.214–226。
1707504220
1707504221 [30]Yongjin,China in the International System,p.184.
1707504222
1707504223 [31]关于这种观点的经典表达,见Sir B.Alston (British minister in Peking)1920年8月1日的回忆录,in R.Butler,J.P.T.Bury and M.Lambert (eds.),Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919–1939,1st Series,vol.14 (London,1966),pp.81–86。
1707504224
1707504225 [32]Y.T.Matsusaka,The Making of Japanese Manchuria 1904–1932  (Cambridge,Mass.,2001),pp.242ff.
1707504226
1707504227 [33]C.Tsuzuki,The pursuit of Power in Modern Japan 1825–1995  (Oxford,2000),pp.210,210,217.
1707504228
1707504229 [34]Matsusaka,Japanese Manchuria,p.206.
1707504230
1707504231 [35]Tsuzuki,Pursuit of Power,pp.206,236–237.
1707504232
1707504233 [36]关于中国对日本纺织品出口的联合抵制的后果,参见C.Howe,The Origins of Japanese Trade Supremacy (London,1996),p.381。
1707504234
1707504235 [37]J.O.P.Bland,China:The Pity of It (London,1931),p.40.
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