打字猴:1.707587103e+09
1707587103
1707587104 [15]Will,“State Intervention,”308-309.中译本见陈锋主编:《明清以来长江流域社会发展史论》,第626页。
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1707587106 [16]本部分关于湖南的内容主要参考了濮德培的著作,Peter C.Perdue,ExhaustingtheEarth:StateandPeasantinHunan,1500-1850(Cambridge,MA:Harvard University Press,1987)。亦可参见Richards,TheUnendingFrontier,120-125。
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1707587108 [17]Donald S.Sutton,“Ethnicity and the Miao Frontier in the Eighteenth Century,”in EmpireattheMargins,eds.Crossley,Siu,and Sutton,190.一个简短的评论可参见Vermeer,“Population and Ecology on the Frontier,”245-246(中译本见刘翠溶、伊懋可主编《积渐所至》)。
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1707587110 [18]Richards,TheUnendingFrontier,133.
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1707587112 [19]Richards,TheUnendingFrontier,137.
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1707587114 [20]Sutton,“Ethnicity and the Miao Frontier in the Eighteenth Century,”190-192.
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1707587116 [21]Perdue,ExhaustingtheEarth,211.
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1707587118 [22]Keith Schoppa,XiangLake—NineCenturiesofChineseLife(New Haven,CT:Yale University Press,1989).中译本见萧邦齐:《九个世纪的悲歌:湘湖地区社会变迁研究》,姜良芹、全先梅译,社会科学文献出版社,2008。
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1707587120 [23]Perdue,ExhaustingtheEarth,97.
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1707587122 [24]Ibid., 86-87.
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1707587124 [25]Ibid.,223.译者注:魏源《湖广水利论》。
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1707587126 [26]Perdue,ExhaustingtheEarth,200-202.
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1707587128 [27]本部分内容主要参考了安·奥思本的著作,Anne Osborne,BarrenMountains,RagingRivers:TheEcologicalandSocialEffectsofChangingLanduseontheLower YangziPeripheryinLateImperialChina(Columbia University Ph.D.dissertation,1989)and“Highlands and Lowlands:Economic and Ecological Interactions in the Lower Yangzi Region under the Qing,”in SedimentsofTime,eds.Elvin and Liu,203-234(中译本见刘翠溶、伊懋可主编:《积渐所至》,第349-386页);亦可参见Richards,TheUnendingFrontier,126-131。
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1707587130 [28]Osborne,BarrenMountains,RagingRivers,41.译者注:道光《徽州府志》卷四《水利》。
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1707587132 [29]Osborne,BarrenMountains,RagingRivers,162.译者注:凌介禧《少茗文稿漫存》,亦载光绪《乌程县志》卷三十五,第28页。
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1707587134 [30]Skinner,“Introduction,”13.
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1707587136 [31]Osborne, Barren Mountains, Raging Rivers, 158-167.
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1707587138 [32]Ibid.,167.译者注:道光《徽州府志》卷四《水利》。
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1707587140 [33]Osborne,BarrenMountains,RagingRivers,175.译者注:阮元《抚宪院禁棚民示》,嘉庆六年。
1707587141
1707587142 [34]Ibid.,169-170.亦可参见Mark Elvin,“Three Thousand Years of Unsustainable Growth:China’s Environment from Archaic Times to the Present,”EastAsian History 6(1993):7-46。
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1707587144 [35]Osborne,“Economic and Ecological Interaction,”218-219(中译本见刘翠溶、伊懋可主编:《积渐所至》,第368页);亦可参见Mark Elvin,“Three Thousand Years of Unsustainable Growth,”34-35,另一位官员的看法。
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1707587146 [36]Osborne,“Economic and Ecological Interaction,”229.
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1707587151 中国环境史:从史前到现代(第2版) [:1707583823]
1707587152 中国环境史:从史前到现代(第2版) 第六节 帝国的生态极限
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