1707589007
1707589008
[11]关于在中国省际高速公路上驾车经历的饶有兴趣(有时也惊心动魄)的描述,可参见Peter Hessler,CountryDriving:AJourneythroughChinafromFarmtoFactory(New York,NY:HarperCollins Publishers,2010);以及Ted Conover,“Capitalist Roaders,”TheNewYorkTimesMagazine,July 2,2006,32。
1707589009
1707589010
[12]McNeill,SomethingNewUndertheSun,296-324.中译本见J.R.麦克尼尔:《阳光下的新事物》,第302-331页。
1707589011
1707589012
[13]Smil,China’sPast,China’sFuture,21.
1707589013
1707589014
[14]John Stoll,Sharon Terlep,and Neil King Jr.,“China Firm to Buy Hummer,”TheWallStreetJournal,June 3,2009,http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1243939285300 76283.html.另一个具有代表性的方面是大面积的交通堵塞:在2010年9月17日晚上,北京拥堵路段的峰值超过了140条;2010年8月末,京藏高速公路进京方向,上万辆车绵延近百公里,拥堵持续了十天。详见TheNewYorkTimes,September 25,2010,A6。
1707589015
1707589016
[15]参见Conover,“Capitalist Roaders,”32。康诺弗(Conover)曾总结道:“这使人联想到那已经褪色的美国生活中的浪漫情调,这些拥堵的汽车看上去也变得有趣起来。不过在这方面,美国文化似乎比中国的更成熟,而且拜后见之明和统计概率所赐,在中国汽车方兴未艾之际要遭遇一场多辆汽车连环相撞并不难。我在北京的时候,《自然》杂志报告说这里的空气污染比先前以为的要严重得多。二氧化氮的浓度在过去的十年里已经增加了50%,而且还在加速积累之中……北京2004年二氧化硫的浓度更超过纽约一倍多,空气中的颗粒物含量则要高出六倍以上。去年(2005年),中国颁布了第一部全面的汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法,但估计不会对交通运输业的大量二氧化碳排放产生多大影响……”
1707589017
1707589018
[16]Keith Bradsher,“Trucks Power China’s Economy,at a Suffocating Cost,”TheNewYorkTimes,December 8,2007.
1707589019
1707589020
[17]Ibid.
1707589021
1707589022
[18]Ibid.
1707589023
1707589024
[19]Ed Wong,“On a Scale of 0 to 500,Beijing’s Air Quality Tops‘Crazy Bad’at 755,”The New York Times,January 12,2013.
1707589025
1707589026
[20]Jeffrey Ball,“Summit Leaves Key Questions Unresolved,”TheWallStreet Journal,December 21,2009,A17.
1707589027
1707589028
[21]David Biello,“Everything You Need to Know about the U.S.-China Climate Change Agreement,”ScientificAmerican,November 12,2014,http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-u-s-china-climate-change-agreement/.Accessed July 28,2016.
1707589029
1707589030
[22]European Commission,Climate Action,“Paris Agreement,”http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/international/negotiations/paris/index_en.htm.Accessed July 28,2016.
1707589031
1707589032
[23]Fred Pearce,“Turning Point:Landmark Deal on Climate Is Reached in Paris,”Environment 360,Yale University,http://e360.yale.edu/feature/a_landmark_agreement_on_climate_is_reached_in_paris_to_cap_warming/2939/.Accessed August 7,2016.
1707589033
1707589034
[24]William Ruddiman,Plows,Plagues,andPetroleum:HowHumansTook ControlofClimate(Princeton:Princeton University Press,2010),esp.chs.7-9,and 200-205.
1707589035
1707589036
[25]James L.Brooke,ClimateChangeandtheCourseofGlobalHistory:ARough Journey(New York:Cambridge University Press),478-479.
1707589037
1707589038
[26]可参阅如Josh Margolis and Daniel J.Dudek,“Carbon Emissions Trading:Rolling Out a Successful Carbon Trading System,”The Paulson Institute,2015。
1707589039
1707589040
[27]Scott Kennedy and Christopher K.Johnson,PerfectingChina,Inc.:The 13thFive-YearPlan,Center for Strategic and International Studies(Lanham,MD:Rowman&Littlefield,2016),22.
1707589041
1707589042
[28]“Nuclear Power in China,”World Nuclear Association,July 29,2016,http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/chinanuclear-power.aspx.Accessed August 3,2016.
1707589043
1707589044
[29]Solidiance,“Hydropower in China,”Ecology Global Network,March 28,2013,http://www.ecology.com/2013/03/28/hydro-power-in-china/,accessed August 14,2016.
1707589045
1707589046
[30]Lee Feigon,DemystifyingTibet:UnlockingtheSecretsoftheLandofthe Snows(Chicago,IL:Ivan R.Dee,Inc.,1996),8.
1707589047
1707589048
[31]转引自Michael Zhao and Orville Schell,“Tibet:Plateau in Peril,”World PolicyJournal(fall 2008):172-173。
1707589049
1707589050
[32]转引自Michael Zhao and Orville Schell,“Tibet:Plateau in Peril,”World PolicyJournal(fall 2008):179.
1707589051
1707589052
[33]Graham E.Clark,“Tradition,Modernity,and Environmental Change in Tibet,”in ImagingTibet:Perceptions,Projections,andFantasies,eds.Thierry Dodin and Heinz Räther(Boston,MA:Wisdom Press,2001),350.
1707589053
1707589054
[34]Ibid.
1707589055
1707589056
[35]Ibid.,178-179.
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.707589007e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]