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[16]参见David Shearman and Joseph W.Smith,The Climate Change Challenge and the Failure of Democracy,Westport,CT:Praeger Publishers,2007。
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1707592324
[17]〔澳〕马克·比森:《环境威权主义的到来》,载俞可平主编:《中国治理评论》第2辑,中央编译出版社2012年版,第151—173页。
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[18]参见ShuiYan Tang and ChingPing Tang,“Democratization and Environmental Politics in Taiwan”,Asian Survey,Vol.37,No.3,1997,pp.281-294;Barbara JancarWebster,“The East European Environmental Movement and the Transition of East European Society”,in Barbara JancarWebster(eds.),Environmental Action in Eastern Europe:Responses to Crisis,Armonk,NY:M.E.Sharpe,1993。
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[19]Barbara JancarWebster,“The East European Environmental Movement and the Transition of East European Society”,in Barbara JancarWebster(eds.),Environmental Action in Eastern Europe:Responses to Crisis,Armonk,NY:M.E.Sharpe,1993.
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[20]关于中国环境政治的研究现状,参见郇庆治:《环境政治学研究在中国》,载《鄱阳湖学刊》,2010年第2期;Fengshi Wu,“Environmental Politics in China:An Issue Area in Review”,Journalof Chinese Political Science,Vol.14,2009,pp.383-406。
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[21]Fengshi Wu,“Environmental Politics in China:An Issue Area in Review”,Journal of Chinese Political Science,Vol.14,2009,pp.383-406.
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1707592334
[22]Arthur P.J.Mol,“Environment and Modernity in Transitional China:Frontiers of Ecological Modernization”,Developmentand Change,Vol.37,No.1,2006,pp.29-56.
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1707592336
[23]代表性研究,参见Kenneth Lieberthal,“Chinas Governing System and Its Impact on Environmental Policy Implementation”,China Environmental Series 1,1997,pp.3-8;Eliezabeth Economy,The River Runs Black:The Environmental Challenge to Chinas Future,Ithaca:Cornell University Press,2005;齐晔等:《中国环境监管体制研究》,上海三联书店2008年版。
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[24]代表性文献,参见Andrew C.Mertha,Chinas Water Warriors:Citizen Action and Policy Change,Ithaca:Cornell University Press,2008;Guobin Yang,“Environmental NGOs and Institutional Dynamics in China”,The China Quarterly,Vol.181,2005;Thomas Johnson,“Environmentalism and NIMBYism in China:Promoting a RulesBased Approach to Public Participation”,Environmental Politics,Vol.19,No.3,2010,pp.430-448;Yanhua Deng and Guobin Yang,“Pollution and Protest in China:Environmental Mobilization in Context”,The China Quarterly,Vol.214,2013,pp.321-336。
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[25]代表性研究,参见周雪光、练宏:《中国政府的治理模式——一个“控制权”理论》,载《社会学研究》,2012年第5期。
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[26]代表性研究,参见Guobin Yang,“Environmental NGOs and Institutional Dynamics in China”,The China Quarterly,Vol.181,2005。
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[27]Kenneth Lieberthal,“Chinas Governing System and Its Impact on Environmental Policy Implementation”,China Environmental Series 1,1997,p.8.
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[28]Benjamin Van Rooij,“Implementation of Chinese Environmental Law:Regular Enforcement and Political Campaigns”,Development&Change,Vol.37,No.1,2006,pp.57-74.
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1707592348
[29]Eliezabeth Economy,The River Runs Black:The Environmental Challenge to Chinas Future,Ithaca:Cornell University Press,2005.
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1707592350
[30]Thomas Heberer and Anja Senz,“Streamlining Local Behavior through Comunication,Incentives and Control:A Case Study of Local Environmental Policies in China”,Journalof Current Chinese Affairs,Vol.40,No.3,2011,pp.77-112.
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[31]Genia Kostka and Arthur P.J.Mol,“Implementation and Participation in Chinas Local Environmental Politics:Challenges and Innovations”,Journal of nvironmental Policy&Planning,Vol.15,No.1,2013,pp.3-16.
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[32]在中国的单一制国家结构中,地方政府包括省、地级市、县(市)和乡镇四级。但是本书在研究中国地方环境政治中的执行偏差的时候,故意忽略了省一级和乡镇一级。这一方面是出于对研究规模的控制,但更重要的考虑是,环境政策的具体执行主要是以地级市、县(市)二级为主。大多数乡镇政府都不设专门的环保机构。
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[33]〔德〕希尔德加德·帕梅:《环境政策领域》,见〔德〕托马斯·海贝勒等主编:《中国与德国的环境治理:比较的视角》,中央编译出版社2012年版。
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[34]参见Bruce L.Berg,Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences(fifth edition),Boston:Pearson,2004。
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[35]Jeffrey L.Pressman and Aaron Wildavsky,Implementation:How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland,3rd ed.,Berkeley:University of California Press,1984.
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[36]Jeffrey L.Pressman and Aaron Wildavsky,Implementation:How Great Expectations in Washington Are Dashed in Oakland,3rd ed.,Berkeley:University of California Press,1984.
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[37]Thomas Birkland,An Introduction to the Policy Process:Theories,Concepts,and Models of Public Policy Making,3rd,Armonk,NY:M.E.Sharpe,2010.
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[38]关于政策执行研究的发展历史和文献综述,详见Laurence J.OToole,“Research on Policy Implementation:Assessments and Prospects”,Journal of Public Administration and Theory,Vol.10,No.2,2000,pp.263-288;Jill Schofield:“Time for a Revival?Public Policy Implementation:A Review of the Literature and an Agenda for Future Research”,International Journal of Management Reviews,Vol.3,2001,pp.245-263。
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[39]Donald S.Van Meter and Carl E.Van Horn,“The Policy Implementation Process:A Conceptual Framework”,Administrationand Society,Vol.6,No.4,1975,pp.445-487.
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[40]Richard E.Matland,“Synthesizing the Implementation Literature:The AmbiguityConflict Model of Policy Implementation”,Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,Vol.5,No.2,1995,pp.145-174.
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