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美国最高法院通识读本 [:1702690391]
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美国最高法院通识读本 Appendix 2The Supreme Court’s Rules
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Excerpts from the Rules, effective February 2010
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Rule 10. Considerations Governing Review on Certiorari
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Review on a writ of certiorari is not a matter of right, but of judicial discretion. A petition for a writ of certiorari will be granted only for compelling reasons. The following, although neither controlling nor fully measuring the Court’s discretion, indicate the character of the reasons the Court considers:
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(a) a United States court of appeals has entered a decision in confl ict with the decision of another United States court of appeals on the same important matter; has decided an important federal question in a way that confl icts with a decision by a state court of last resort; or has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings, or sanctioned such a departure by a lower court, as to call for an exercise of this Court’s supervisory power;
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(b) a state court of last resort has decided an important federal question in a way that confl icts with the decision of another state court of last resort or of a United States court of appeals;
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(c) a state court or a United States court of appeals has decided an important question of federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an important federal question in a way that confl icts with relevant decisions of this Court.
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A petition for a writ of certiorari is rarely granted when the asserted error consists of erroneous factual findings or the misapplication of a properly stated rule of law.
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Rule 13. Review on Certiorari: Time for Petitioning
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1. Unless otherwise provided by law, a petition for a writ of certiorari to review a judgment in any case, civil or criminal, entered by a state court of last resort of a United States court of appeals (including the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces) is timely when it is filed with the Clerk of this Court within 90 days after entry of the judgment… .
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2. The Clerk will not file any petition for a writ of certiorari that is jurisdictionally out of time …
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3. The time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari runs from the date of entry of the judgment or order sought to be reviewed …
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5. For good cause, a Justice may extend the time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari for a period not exceeding 60 days … An application to extend the time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari is not favored.
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Rule 14. Content of a Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
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1. A petition for a writ of certiorari shall contain, in the order indicated:
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(a) The questions presented for review, expressed concisely in relation to the circumstances of the case, without unnecessary detail. The question should be short and should not be argumentative or repetitive… . The questions shall be set out on the first page following the cover, and no other information may appear on that page. The statement of any question presented is deemed to comprise every subsidiary question fairly included therein. Only the questions set out in the petition, or fairly included therein, will be considered by the Court… .
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3. A petition for a writ of certiorari should be stated briefl y and in plain terms… .
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4. The failure of a petitioner to present with accuracy, brevity, and clarity whatever is essential to ready and adequate understanding of the points requiring consideration is sufficient reason for the Court to deny the petition.
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Rule 28. Oral Argument
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1. Oral argument should emphasize and clarify the written arguments in the briefs on the merits. Counsel should assume that all Justices have read the briefs before oral argument. Oral argument read from a prepared text is not favored… .
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美国最高法院通识读本 [:1702690392]
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美国最高法院通识读本 Appendix 3Chart of the Justices
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*＝ chief justice; †＝nomination for promotion to chief justice (years of service, where pplicable, are as chief justice only; see prior listing for nomination and service as associate ustice); D＝died; P＝promoted to chief justice (see separate listing for service as chief ustice); R＝retirement/resignation.
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