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1704792261 英文疑难详解 [:1704787096]
1704792262 英文疑难详解 105.名词后接用的不定词
1704792263
1704792264 以前曾解答动词后接不定词或动名词的用法,现在拟请再就名词后接不定词或动名词的用法,加以详解。例如:“我并不想到美国去。”一句,应译(a) I have no intention to go to America.或是(b) I have no intention of going to America.
1704792265
1704792266 【解答】在名词后面并不一定要接“介词+动名词”,有很多场合是可以,或甚至必须接“不定词”的。当然二者皆可的是最便于我们学习了。但英文的这两种准动词的用法,实在是够复杂的。现在单就名词后的用法,分成三类,例解如下:
1704792267
1704792268 (A)在 way,time,chance,opportunity 等名词后,接不定词或动名词都可以的:
1704792269
1704792270 1.“什么是学习外国语最好的方法?”
1704792271
1704792272 What is the best way { to learn | of learning } a foreign language?
1704792273
1704792274 2.“我近来连读书的时间都没有。”
1704792275
1704792276 I have no time,nowadays,{ to read. | for reading.}
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1704792278 3.“我简直和他交谈的机会都没有。”
1704792279
1704792280 I had no chance { to speak | of speaking } to him.
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1704792282 4.“我几乎没有研习英文的机会。”
1704792283
1704792284 I have little opportunity { to study | of studying } English.
1704792285
1704792286 (B)通常只接用不定词的有 ability,tendency,resolution,determination 等名词:
1704792287
1704792288 1.“他决心要出洋去。”
1704792289
1704792290 He made a determination to go abroad.
1704792291
1704792292 2.“我坚决地要戒烟。”
1704792293
1704792294 I have made a firm resolution to give up smoking.
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1704792296 3.“近来颇有耽于奢侈的倾向。”
1704792297
1704792298 A tendency to indulge in luxury is seen lately.
1704792299
1704792300 4.“他有鱼一般的游泳本领。”
1704792301
1704792302 He has the ability to swim like a fish.
1704792303
1704792304 注意:最后一例,不可以说成 He has the ability of swimming like a fish.又如 the ability of the sovereign nations to combine for collective security in the United Nations Organization.一句仍是接的不定词,即 ability to combine,至于 of the sovereign nations 是修饰 ability 的,并非接在 ability 后的动作。
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1704792306 (C)在 intention,idea,habit,objection,method,purpose 等名词后,通常要接用动名词,如:
1704792307
1704792308 1.“我不想当医生。”
1704792309
1704792310 I have no intention of becoming a doctor.
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