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英文疑难详解 133.There is something vulgar about him
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There is something vulgar about him.一句,应如何译法?尤其是句中 about 一字的含义及用法,请为详细说明。
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【解答】这句英文可译作“他有点俗气”。句中的 about 有 in 或 with 之意,中文可译成“在某人身上(边)”。介词 about 的基本意义是“在周围”,由这个意义而发展成为“在某人身边”,再进而有“在某人身上”。我们先将那基本意义举例来看:
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She looked about her in surprise.(她惊异地环顾四周。)
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He had a comforter about his neck.(他在颈上围绕着一条毛线织的围巾。)
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He planted trees about the house.(他种树于屋的四周。)
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进一步而用于“在某人身边”的意义:
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I don’t have any change about (=with) me.(我身边没有一个零钱。)
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This is all he had about him.(这是他所带着的全部财物。)
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由这种有形的周遭(身边),再进而用于无形的方面(身上),而发展成下面的说法:
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There is something noble about him.(他有点高贵的气概。)
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There is something about him that displeases me.(他有点什么地方使我很不喜欢他。)
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介词 about 还有一个与此相似的意思:“四处”,“遍于”(in various places in or on),不可与此混同。
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There are idle men standing about the street corners.(有些游手好闲的人站在街角上。)
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He went begging about the town.(他在城里到处乞食。)
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英文疑难详解 134.listen to, listen for, listen in 的分别
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在 Maugham 的 Of Human Bondage 一书第四章中有云: Mrs. Carey knowing by what train they were coming, waited in the drawing-room and listened for the click of the gate. When she heard it she went to the door.普通在 listen 后都是接 to,为什么在此接 for,二者有何不同?
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【解答】在自动词 listen 后接的介词最普通的是 to,此外还可以接 for,也可以接 in。我们收听广播,或窃听别人讲话(尤其是在电话中),就说 listen in,如:
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When I called on him he was listening in on the radio.(当我去看他时,他正在听广播。)
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We were listening in to the Prime Minister’s speech.(我们正在收音机旁听总理的广播演说。)
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I like to listen in to symphonies and chamber music (on the radio).(我爱收听交响乐和室乐。)
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唯有 listen to 和 listen for 这两个说法,意思近似,要注意加以分辨,以免用错。listen for 含有“期待”的感觉,listen to 则无此意,而只是对已存在的声音倾耳去听而已。说 listen to the footsteps 是对已经发生的脚步声倾耳去听,而 listen for the footsteps 则是还未听到任何足音,只是期待着而用心在听。又 listen to 除普通作“倾听”解外,还另有“听从”、“服膺”的意思,如:
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A man of character always listens to reason on all occasions.(一个有品格的人在任何场合都是服从理性的。)
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