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1704794704 英文疑难详解 [:1704787149]
1704794705 英文疑难详解 155.Who do you think is the best player?
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1704794707 我们如将 do you think 的字样,插入疑问句的 What did he say 时,便成为 What do you think he said?因为用了 What do you think?的疑问句法,原来的 What did he say?的疑问句法,为避免重复计,就改成平叙句法的 he said 了。这是一般的语法,为什么下文要在一句中用双重的疑问句法呢?
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1704794709 Who do you think is the best player?
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1704794711 为什么不说 the best player is?
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1704794713 【解答】照原则上说,是应该把 is 放在 the best player 的后面才对,不过常因声调、文义、轻重等关系,而有变化,即不依照普通的字序,要颠倒来说的时候,也习见不鲜。
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1704794715 在前一则中我们已说明了在 Who is he?一问中插入 do you think,而成为 Who do you think he is?的道理,那是因为重点移到 do you think 的上面去,he 和 is 在分量上就轻了,所以变成普通平叙句的字序了。
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1704794717 但有时为着主语太长,或是为着要加强主语起见,便把它移到句尾去,例如质问中的:
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1704794719 Who do you think is the best player?(你觉得打得最好的是谁?)以及:
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1704794721 What do you think is the population of Hong Kong?(你以为香港有多少人口?)
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1704794723 如果我们依照普通说法,把 is 放在 the best player 和 the population of Hong Kong 的后面时,那既不能加强 player 和 population 的说法,而且句子的声调也就差多了。
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1704794725 由于同样的理由,在间接说法中也仍然要保留直接说法的字序,如:
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1704794727 She said to me,“ What is the matter with him?”一句改成直接说法时,照规则是要把问句改成平叙句,即 What the matter with him is.但因主语太长,就不得不保留原来的形式,而说成:
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1704794729 She asked me what was the matter with him.(她问我他有何困难。)
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1704794731 感叹句也并不老是照平叙句一样先说主语后说动词的,有时因种种关系也可以改变字序,照问句一样把动词放在主语前去,例如:
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1704794733 What a poor fool was I!(我做了一件多么愚笨的事呀!)
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1704794735 How persuasive are his words!—— Sheridan(他的话多么动听呀!)
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1704794737 How often have I played under these trees as a boy!—— Irving(我在儿童时代老是在这些树下玩耍的!)
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1704794739 What a piece of work is man!—— Shakespears(人是多么巧妙的作品呀!)
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1704794741 至于说 How bright are its waters, playing over the stones!(在石头上流动的水波,多么的光耀!)就是为要避免把修饰语的 playing,说成动词的 are playing 的关系而将字序颠倒的。
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1704794746 英文疑难详解 [:1704787150]
1704794747 英文疑难详解 156.I don’t think 的句型
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1704794749 “我想他不会来。”译成英文为 I think he will not come.但据说英文的惯用语法,应说成 I don’t think he will come.才对。不知照中文直译的句子是否错误?
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1704794751 【解答】普通确实是要以 I don’t think he will come,来代替 I think he will not come.这似乎不及中国话的合逻辑,不过,英文已成惯用, I don’t think…早构成一种句型,不容推翻的了。在英美名作家的笔下,我们也常发现有把否定放在 think 之后的,但似乎都有其特殊的理由。例如:
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1704794753 I wish you were here, then I think I should not feel like this.—— D. H. Lawrence
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