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203 called—named
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called和named都可表示某人叫什么名字。
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在日常口语中多用called：
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She’s called Mary．她的名字叫玛丽。
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What is this thing called？这东西叫什么？
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He was reading a book called The Way of All Flesh．他在看一本书，书名是《众生之道》。
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named在日常口语中用得不多，多用在书面语中：
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The place was named Bethel．这地方名叫巴瑟尔。
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Did you ever hear of a painter named Raphael？你听没听说过一个名叫拉斐尔的画家？
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Anna had a boyfriend named James．安娜有个男朋友名叫詹姆斯。
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204 can—could—be able to
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can和could都是情态动词，都和动词原形构成谓语。can的否定式为cannot（不能分开写），在口语中多用can’t这个形式，在英国读作/kɑːnt/，在美国读作/kænt/。could的否定式为could not，常可紧缩为couldn’t，读作/ˈkudnt/。
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在表示“能够”、“有能力做某事”时，can, could和be able to意思是差不多的。can说明现在情况：
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She can sing this song in French．她能用法语唱这支歌。
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（也可说：She is able to sing this song in French.）
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Can you translate this sentence into English？你能把这个句子译为英语吗？
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（也可说：Are you able to translate this sentence into English?）
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Sorry I can’t answer your question．对不起我不能回答你的问题。
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（也可说：Sorry I’m not able to answer your question.）
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could可用作can的过去式，说明过去的情况：
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She could swim when she was five．她5岁时就可以游泳了。
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（也可说：She was able to swim when she was five.）
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Could you run as fast as you do now？那时你能跑得像现在这样快吗？
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（也可说：Were you able to run as fast as you do now?）
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