1704929457
270 Contraction
1704929458
1704929459
在一些情况下，人称代词和助动词，或是助动词或情态动词与not可以缩短成一个词，称为紧缩形式，如：
1704929460
1704929461
She’s waiting for us.
1704929462
1704929463
He won’t be here tonight.
1704929464
1704929465
在口语中，这种紧缩形式是经常用的，写下来就成为下面这个样子。在口语化的文字材料（如书信）中，人们也时常这样写。英语中的紧缩形式可归纳如下：
1704929466
1704929467
紧缩形式 读音 意义 I’m /aim/ I am I’ve /aiv/ I have I’ll /ail/ I Will I’d /aid/ I had/I would you’re /jɔː(r)/ you are you’ve /juːv/ you have you’ll /juːl/ you will you’d /juːd/ you had/you would he’s /hiːz/ he is/he has he’ll /hiːl,hil/ he will he’d /hiːd/ he had/he would she’s /ʃiːz/ she is/she has she’ll /ʃiːl,ʃil/ she will she’d /ʃiːd/ she had/she would it’s /its/ it is/it has we’re /wiə(r)/ we are we’ve /wiːv/ we have we’ll /wiːl,wil/ we will we’d /wiːd/ we had/we would they’re /ðeə(r)/ they are they’ve /ðeiv/ they have they’ll /ðeil,ðel/ they will they’d /ðeid/ they had/they would there’s /ðəz/ there is/there has there’ll /ðəl/ there will there’d /ðəd/ there had/there would aren’t /ɑːnt/ are not can’t /kɑːnt/ /kænt/ can not couldn’t /ˈkudnt/ could not daren’t /deənt/ dare not didn’t /ˈdidnt/ did not doesn’t /ˈdʌznt/ does not don’t /dəunt/ do not hadn’t /hædnt/ had not hasn’t /hæznt/ has not haven’t /ˈhævnt/ have not isn’t /ˈiznt/ is not mightn’t /ˈmaitnt/ might not mustn’t /ˈmʌsnt/ must not needn’t /ˈniːdnt/ need not oughtn’t /ˈɔːtnt/ ought not shan’t /ʃɑːnt/ shall not shouldn’t /ˈʃudnt/ should not usedn’t /ˈjuːsnt/ used not wasn’t /wɔznt/ was not weren’t /wəːnt/ were not won’t /wəunt/ will not wouldn’t /ˈwudnt/ would not 1. 不要把it’s和its（物主代词）相混。
1704929468
1704929469
2. am not在简短问句中紧缩为aren’t。
1704929470
1704929471
I’m late, aren’t I?
1704929472
1704929473
3. can’t在英式英语中读作/kɑːnt/，在美式英语中读作/kænt/。
1704929474
1704929475
4. daren’t, shan’t, usedn’t在美式英语中不常用。
1704929476
1704929477
5. may not一般不紧缩成一个词。mayn’t是很少用的。
1704929478
1704929479
6. let’s 是 let us的紧缩形式。
1704929480
1704929481
7. 在不规范的英语中，有人用ain’t代表am not，are not，is not，have not和has not：
1704929482
1704929483
I ain’t going to do it.
1704929484
1704929485
不会这样做。
1704929486
1704929488
271 contrary—opposite
1704929489
1704929490
contrary可作名词，表示“相反的东西”：
1704929491
1704929492
Cruelty is the contrary of kindness. 残酷是和善良相反的东西。
1704929493
1704929494
They say he is guilty, but I believe the contrary. 他们说他有罪，但我相信不是这样。
1704929495
1704929496
多用于on the contrary，表示“相反”：
1704929497
1704929498
You weren’t boring me. On the contrary, you’re interesting me frightfully. 你并不使我厌烦，相反，你使我感到极有意思。
1704929499
1704929500
“He’s no use at all.” “On the contrary, I have found him a great deal of use.” “他一点儿没用。”“相反我发现他很有用。”
1704929501
1704929502
在谈到相反的东西时，我们也可用opposite：
1704929503
1704929504
You are nice; he is just the opposite. 你很好；他恰恰相反。
1704929505
[
上一页 ]
[ :1.704929456e+09 ]
[
下一页 ]