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565 literal—literary—literate
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这三个词都是形容词,意思却不相同。
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literal表示“本来的(意思)”:
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In its literal sense “anti” means “against.” 按本来意思,anti等于against。
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It is to be understood in a poetic, not a literal sense.应把它理解成在诗中的意思,而不是原来的意思。
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还可表示“准确的”、“逐字逐句的”:
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He wanted a literal account of their conversation.他要求告诉他他们谈话的准确内容。
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A literal translation is not always the closest to the original meaning.逐字逐句的翻译并不一定总是最接近原来的意思。
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literary表示“文学的”:
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The literary club meets once a month.这个文学俱乐部一个月开一次会。
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The Monthly is the only literary magazine in Ireland.《月刊》是爱尔兰唯一的文艺刊物。
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literate表示“能读能写的”或“受过教育的”:
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Only one half of the native population was literate.只有一半的土著居民能识字。
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Only a few of the nation’s peasants are literate.本国的农民只有少数人识字。
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A news commentator should be a highly literate man.新闻评论员应当是受过良好教育的人。
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566 little—a little
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little可用作形容词、代词或副词。
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little用作形容词时可表示“小小的”、“小的”:
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A little piano stood against the wall.靠墙有一架小钢琴。
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It’s a little present for you.这是给你的一个小小的礼物。
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The little dog followed the boy everywhere.小狗到处跟着那个男孩儿。
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还可表示“很少的”,带有否定意味,接近no:
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Arthur had little spare time.阿瑟空闲的时间很少。
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Cyril has very little affection for him.西里尔对他没有什么感情。
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