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627 Negative Structure
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一般句子的否定结构的构成方式可概述如下:
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借助助动词do:
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She doesn’t know English.她不懂英语。
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I didn’t see him at the meeting.我在会上没见到他。
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Don’t be late for supper.吃晚饭别晚了。
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在情态动词、助动词或系动词后加not:
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You mustn’t worry.你不要着急。
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They may not like the idea.他们可能不喜欢这个想法。
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We won’t be able to come tonight.我们今晚来不了了。
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She hasn’t got well yet.她还未痊愈。
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He isn’t up yet.他还没起床。
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在不定式、现在分词及动名词前加not:
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He told me not to stand up.他让我别站起来。
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She hesitated, not knowing what to say.她犹豫了一下,不知说什么好。
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They criticized him for not giving others help.他们批评他不帮助别人。
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在句子的其他成分前加not:
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Not a soul was to be seen.一个人也看不见。
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It was a declaration of rights, not a guarantee of rights.它是权利宣言,却不是权利的保证。
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The most important aspect of a sentence is its meaning, not its form.一个句子最重要的(方面)是它的意思,而不是它的形式。
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用not代表一个否定结构的从句:
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“Will it rain today?” “I hope not (=it will not rain).”“今天会下雨吗?”“我希望不会。”
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“Can you come next week?” “I’m afraid not.”“下星期你能来吗?”“恐怕不能。”
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Drop that gun! If not, you’ll be sorry.放下枪来,否则你会后悔。
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I am to get a royalty but not until it gets into its second thousand.我会得到版税,但要等出到第二个一千册时才会有。
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